PTH (Intact Parathyroid Hormone)

The PTH (Intact Parathyroid Hormone) test assesses the level of parathyroid hormone (PTH) that plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. This test helps evaluate parathyroid gland function and primarily diagnose conditions related to calcium imbalance.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced by the parathyroid glands, four small glands located near the thyroid gland in the neck. PTH plays an important role in regulating the levels of calcium and phosphorus in the body. It helps maintain calcium balance by influencing its absorption from the intestines, release from bones, and reabsorption by the kidneys. PTH ensures that the concentration of calcium in the blood stays within a normal range as it is essential for various physiological functions, including bone health, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction. 

A PTH (Intact Parathyroid Hormone) test helps in assessing the function of the parathyroid gland and identifying conditions associated with imbalances in calcium and, to some extent, phosphorus. Understanding PTH levels can provide valuable insights into bone health, kidney function, and disorders related to mineral metabolism. Regular monitoring of PTH levels is essential for individuals with conditions affecting calcium homeostasis and those at risk of bone disorders or kidney problems. Additionally, this test can be done when individuals exhibit symptoms related to calcium and phosphorus imbalance, such as persistent bone pain, impaired kidney function, long-term digestive problems, pain or discomfort in joints, muscle weakness, etc. Also, it can be done when your routine blood tests show abnormal calcium or phosphorus levels. These symptoms may indicate disorders such as hypoparathyroidism or hyperparathyroidism, where parathyroid glands are either underactive or overactive, respectively.

Overnight fasting for at least 8-12 hours is needed before undertaking the PTH (Intact Parathyroid Hormone) test. However, drinking water before the test is acceptable. PTH is released in a rhythmic pattern, with increased levels during the night; therefore, you may need to take the test at a certain time of day. Also, tell your doctor about all the medications or supplements, including calcium, that you are taking before undertaking this test, as these may interfere with the test results.

Lab test results may vary across different laboratories. Abnormal test results require an expert interpretation; therefore, never try to self-medicate at home based solely on these results, and always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results. The insights from PTH (Intact Parathyroid Hormone)  test help the doctor tailor a treatment plan to address specific problems like hypoparathyroidism or hyperparathyroidism and target to restore calcium balance in the body.