LE Cell Phenomenon

The LE Cell Phenomenon is a blood test that detects the presence of lupus erythematosus (LE) cells, which are abnormal cells that signal an autoimmune disease activity. The test is a useful aid in diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune diseases causing similar symptoms.

LE cells, or lupus erythematosus cells, ( also known as Hargraves cells) are a type of white blood cells, which are formed when neutrophils or macrophages invade the nucleus of damaged cells. This phenomenon is characteristic of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These cells are produced when the immune system mistakenly attacks its own body, causing cell damage and the accumulation of nuclear fragments. LE cells are most commonly found in the blood of individuals with active SLE, although they can also be found in other autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and drug-induced lupus. The LE Cell Phenomenon identifies the presence of LE cells in a blood sample indicating an ongoing immune response, suggesting autoimmune activity. 

The LE Cell Phenomenon test is recommended when there are symptoms that are suggestive of lupus or some other autoimmune disorders such as joint pains and swelling, skin rashes, recurrent fever, swollen glands, dry eyes, swollen glands, chronic fatigue among others. This test is particularly significant for rheumatologists diagnosing lupus when other tests like ANA (antinuclear antibody) and anti-dsDNA tests are not conclusive. In addition to that, it may also be used for monitoring the progression of the disease in individuals who already have lupus, helping doctors to check disease remission or active flare-ups.

 A positive test result indicates that the immune system is actively attacking the body's own cells, which is characteristic of lupus. The presence of LE cells in the blood provides insights into the level of immune activity, which may guide further treatment choices. It is noteworthy that LE cells alone are not sufficient for the diagnosis of lupus; various other tests may also be needed along with clinical evaluation for a more precise diagnosis.

Usually, no special preparation such as fasting or dietary restriction is needed for this test.  Inform the doctor about all the medicines and supplements being taken, as some of them may affect the test results and need to be adjusted or temporarily discontinued before the test. 

Test result ranges may vary across laboratories. Abnormal test results require an expert interpretation. Therefore, never try to self-medicate at home based solely on these results. Always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results.