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IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies)

Also referred as
Islet Cell Antigen 2 Serum test
+2
IA2 autoantibodies test
ICA-512 autoantibodies test
For men & women
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₹5400
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The IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test is a blood test that detects autoantibodies against the IA2 protein, a key component of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This test helps identify autoimmune activity that may damage beta cells and is primarily used in the diagnosis and prediction of type 1 diabetes (T1D).

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Understanding IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies)

IA2, also known as islet cell antigen-2 (ICA-512), is a protein located on the surface of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. It plays an important role in regulating insulin secretion. In type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys these beta cells, leading to insulin deficiency. During this autoimmune process, the body produces IA2 autoantibodies, which are detectable in approximately 50–75% of individuals with T1D at or before disease onset. The IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test measures these autoantibodies in the blood, helping detect early autoimmune activity against pancreatic beta cells.

The IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test is often recommended for individuals suspected of having type 1 diabetes, particularly if they have high blood sugar levels, excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, or a family history of autoimmune diabetes. The test can also help distinguish type 1 diabetes from type 2 diabetes in unclear cases and assess the risk of developing T1D in at-risk individuals.

No special preparation is needed for getting the IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test done. However, be sure to inform the doctor about any medications or supplements being taken, as they may affect the test results. 

Lab test results may vary across different laboratories. Abnormal test results require expert interpretation. Therefore, never try to self-medicate based solely on these results. Always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results.

Please note: This is an outsourced test. The sample for this test is collected by TATA 1MG and processed at a NABL accredited partnered lab.

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What does IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) measure?

The IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test measures the presence of antibodies targeting the IA2 protein in pancreatic beta cells. These antibodies are a marker of autoimmune activity against the cells that produce insulin.

When the immune system produces IA2 autoantibodies, it can gradually destroy beta cells, reducing insulin production and leading to high blood sugar levels. A positive IA2 test suggests an ongoing autoimmune attack and helps confirm the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes or predict its development in at-risk individuals. Low or absent IA2 autoantibodies are usually seen in healthy individuals or in cases of type 2 diabetes, where autoimmunity is not a primary cause. Monitoring IA2 levels alongside other diabetes-related autoantibodies provides a clearer picture of autoimmune activity and risk for developing insulin dependence.

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IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test price for other cities

Price inBangaloreRs. 2949
Price inMumbaiRs. 2579
Price inNew DelhiRs. 4859
Price inThaneRs. 2579
Price inPuneRs. 3289
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FAQs related to IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies)

The IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test is a blood test that detects autoantibodies against the IA2 protein on pancreatic beta cells. These autoantibodies are produced when the immune system mistakenly attacks the beta cells, which can lead to type 1 diabetes. The test helps identify autoimmune activity, diagnose the disease, or assess the risk of developing it in at-risk individuals.
The test is performed by drawing a small blood sample from a vein, usually in the arm, which is then sent to a laboratory to detect the presence of IA2 autoantibodies in the blood.
The test is recommended for individuals showing symptoms of type 1 diabetes, such as excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, or slow-healing wounds, as well as for people with a family history of autoimmune diabetes or those considered at risk for developing the condition.
No special preparation or fasting is required for this test. It is advised to consult your healthcare provider beforehand, as they may provide specific instructions based on your medical history or current health status.
The test is safe and involves only a routine blood draw. Some individuals may experience minor discomfort, bruising, or swelling at the site of the needle.
Abnormal or positive IA2 autoantibody results suggest ongoing autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells and an increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. Negative results do not completely rule out the disease, as other autoantibodies may be present or appear later.
Yes, the presence of IA2 autoantibodies can help predict the risk of developing type 1 diabetes, particularly in individuals with a family history or other risk factors, and is often used alongside other diabetes autoantibody tests for a more comprehensive assessment.
IA2 autoantibodies may be detectable months or even years before the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes, making this test useful for early detection in at-risk individuals.
Unlike blood sugar or HbA1c tests that measure current glucose levels, the IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test identifies an autoimmune process that targets insulin-producing cells, helping to diagnose type 1 diabetes or assess risk before symptoms appear.
The IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test is often performed alongside other diabetes-related autoantibody tests, such as the insulin antibody (type 1 & type 2 diabetes) test and the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies test, to give a more complete assessment of autoimmune activity and an individual’s risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
Tata 1mg ensures accurate lab test results through certified laboratories that use advanced technology and adhere to stringent quality control measures. This commitment to high standards guarantees reliable results.
References
  1. Decochez K, De Leeuw IH, Keymeulen B, Mathieu C, Rottiers R, Weets I, Vandemeulebroucke E, Truyen I, Kaufman L, Schuit FC, Pipeleers DG, Gorus FK; Belgian Diabetes Registry. IA2 autoantibodies predict impending type I diabetes in siblings of patients. Diabetologia. 2002 Dec;45(12):1658-66. [Accessed 17 Sep. 2025]. Available from:
  2. Acevedo-Calado MJ, Pietropaolo SL, Morran MP, Schnell S, Vonberg AD, Verge CF, Gianani R, Becker DJ, Huang S, Greenbaum CJ, Yu L, Davidson HW, Michels AW, Rich SS, Pietropaolo M; Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study Group. Autoantibodies Directed Toward a Novel IA2 Variant Protein Enhance Prediction of Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes. 2019 Sep;68(9):1819-1829. [Accessed 17 Sep. 2025]. Available from:
  3. Bottazzo GF, Bosi E, Cull CA, Bonifacio E, Locatelli M, Zimmet P, Mackay IR, Holman RR. IA2 antibody prevalence and risk assessment of early insulin requirement in subjects presenting with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 71). Diabetologia. 2005 Apr;48(4):703-8. [Accessed 17 Sep. 2025]. Available from:

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