IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies)

IA2, also known as islet cell antigen-2 (ICA-512), is a protein located on the surface of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. It plays an important role in regulating insulin secretion. In type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys these beta cells, leading to insulin deficiency. During this autoimmune process, the body produces IA2 autoantibodies, which are detectable in approximately 50–75% of individuals with T1D at or before disease onset. The IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test measures these autoantibodies in the blood, helping detect early autoimmune activity against pancreatic beta cells.

The IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test is often recommended for individuals suspected of having type 1 diabetes, particularly if they have high blood sugar levels, excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, or a family history of autoimmune diabetes. The test can also help distinguish type 1 diabetes from type 2 diabetes in unclear cases and assess the risk of developing T1D in at-risk individuals.

No special preparation is needed for getting the IA2 (Insulin Autoantibodies) test done. However, be sure to inform the doctor about any medications or supplements being taken, as they may affect the test results. 

Lab test results may vary across different laboratories. Abnormal test results require expert interpretation. Therefore, never try to self-medicate based solely on these results. Always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results.

Please note: This is an outsourced test. The sample for this test is collected by TATA 1MG and processed at a NABL accredited partnered lab.