Hepatitis B Package

The Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) test detects the presence of a specific protein on the surface of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the bloodstream. This protein, HBsAg, serves as a crucial marker for identifying HBV infection. This is a screening test and the diagnosis of any reactive HBsAg result relies on additional supplemental tests like anti-HBs antibody and total anti-HBc antibodies. Confirmation can be done using nucleic acid tests like HBV DNA by PCR. The Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) test is essential for identifying individuals who require medical intervention, such as antiviral therapy, and for implementing measures to prevent the spread of Hepatitis B virus to others. 

The HBeAg (Hepatitis B Envelope Antigen) test measures the presence of the HBeAg in the blood, indicating active viral replication. A positive result signifies that the virus is replicating at a high level, suggesting a higher risk of transmission to others and potential progression to more severe liver disease. Conversely, a negative result may indicate lower viral activity or that the virus is in a non-replicative state.

Understanding the significance of HBeAg status is crucial in managing chronic hepatitis B infection. It helps guide treatment decisions, informs about the potential for liver damage, and aids in assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. Regular monitoring through this test can play a pivotal role in maintaining liver health and preventing complications associated with chronic hepatitis B.

The Anti-HBs (Hepatitis B Surface antibody) test measures the presence of antibodies produced by the immune system against hepatitis B virus (HBV) or the hepatitis B vaccine (immunity) in vaccinated individuals. There are two types of antibodies produced in response to the hepatitis B virus: Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG). IgM antibodies mount the first attack against HBV but eventually fades away. IgG antibodies provide long-lasting immune protection against HBV. The immunity can last for many years, but it gradually decreases over time.

A positive test result indicates immunity to hepatitis B, either from past infection and subsequent recovery or from vaccination. The Anti-HBs (Hepatitis B Surface antibody) test is important to determine whether you have protective immunity against HBV and if you are at risk of contracting the virus in the future. It can also help guide decisions on whether you need the hepatitis B vaccine or a booster shot to maintain immunity. 

The Hepatitis B (Core) Total Antibody test identifies total antibodies (IgM and IgG) against the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). It is a key marker for determining whether an individual has ever been infected with the virus, regardless of whether the infection is currently active. By detecting the presence of anti-HBc, doctors can assess the progression of the infection and make informed decisions about treatment and monitoring. This test is crucial for understanding the history of hepatitis B in an individual, which can help prevent future liver damage and transmission of the virus.