ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel
Understanding ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel
What is ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel?
The ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel is a comprehensive test that screens for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and evaluates a panel of specific nuclear antigens in the blood. This test is essential in diagnosing autoimmune disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren’s syndrome, and mixed connective tissue diseases.
The ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel is tailored to detect antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and autoantibodies that target components within the cell nucleus. These antibodies, produced by the immune system, can mistakenly attack healthy cells and tissues, leading to autoimmune disorders. This panel includes ANA/ENA 18 Antigens, Qualitative Profile, Blot/LIA which analyzes a panel of 18 antigens, including those associated with Extractable Nuclear Antigens (ENA), offering insights into the autoimmune response. Once ANA positivity is established, further testing with an ANA/ENA panel may be warranted using a method called line immunoassay (LIA) to qualitatively analyze antibodies against 18 specific antigens associated with autoimmune disorders. On the other hand, Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) by IFA - End Point Titer test conducted through the Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) method, is one of the most sensitive screening tests for detecting ANAs. In this method, fluorescent dyes are used to detect antibodies. It provides information about the part of the cell nucleus which is being targeted by the autoantibodies Although known for its sensitivity, it is a complex method.
The ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel is suggested when a doctor suspects an autoimmune disorder due to symptoms such as joint pain, fatigue, skin rashes , light sensitivity, or inflammation. Also, it may be advised if there are risk factors such as a family history of autoimmune diseases. Additionally, it can be done if other laboratory tests or clinical findings suggest an autoimmune cause for the symptoms. An ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel is also useful for monitoring disease activity and treatment response in patients already diagnosed with autoimmune diseases.
Generally, no special preparations are needed for this test. However, it's advised to inform your doctor about any medications or supplements that you are taking, as certain medications may affect the test results. Additionally, telling a detailed medical history and discussing symptoms can help the doctor correlate the clinical and laboratory findings.
The test results may vary depending on various factors like age, medical history, and certain risk factors among others. Abnormal test results require an expert interpretation; therefore, never try to self-medicate at home based solely on these results, and always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results. The insights from this test help the doctor tailor an appropriate treatment plan.
What is ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel used for?
The ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel is done:
- To detect autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Scleroderma, Sjögren's syndrome, etc.
- When individuals exhibit symptoms such as joint pain, fatigue, skin rashes, inflammation, etc, associated with certain autoimmune conditions.
- To identify specific antibodies associated with autoimmune disorders.
- For risk assessment in individuals with a family history of autoimmune conditions.
- For a comprehensive health evaluation, especially when systemic autoimmune involvement is suspected.
- To facilitate a targeted approach to help manage autoimmune conditions, improving the effectiveness of interventions.
- To monitor the progression of autoimmune disorders and assess the treatment response. over time.
What does ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel measure?
Contains 2 testsThe ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel measures the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and specific autoantibodies related to various autoimmune disorders. It includes the ANA/ENA 18 Antigens, Qualitative Profile, Blot/LIA, which analyzes 18 different nuclear antigens, providing insights into specific autoantibodies and helping to diagnose conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren’s syndrome, and mixed connective tissue diseases. Additionally, the Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) by IFA - End Point Titer quantitatively measures ANA levels using an indirect immunofluorescence assay, with higher titers indicating potentially more active disease. Together, these tests offer a comprehensive evaluation of autoimmune activity, enabling clinicians to understand immune mechanisms and tailor appropriate therapeutic interventions.
ANA / ENA 18 Antigens (Qualitative) Profile Blot / LIA
The ANA / ENA 18 Antigens (Qualitative) Profile Blot / LIA helps screen autoantibodies in the blood of an individual. These antibodies react with proteins present inside the nucleus of the cell and cause autoimmune disorders.
The ANA / ENA 18 Antigens (Qualitative) Profile Blot / LIA examines 18 different antigens, helping identify patterns related to autoimmune diseases. This comprehensive test helps in the diagnosis of conditions like Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,Sjogren’s Syndrome, mixed connective tissue disorders or other autoimmune disorders by assessing the immune system’s activity and detecting the specific antibodies that may indicate an autoimmune response.
Know more about ANA / ENA 18 Antigens (Qualitative) Profile Blot / LIA
Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) by IFA - End Point Titer
An Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) by IFA - End Point Titer test checks for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in your blood. These antibodies, different from typical ones that fight off invaders in the body, can attach to structures inside the body’s own cell nuclei. If ANAs are present in the blood, it may suggest that your immune system is overly sensitive, causing inflammation against your own tissues and possibly indicating autoimmune diseases.
Know more about Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) by IFA - End Point Titer
Answers to Patient Concerns & Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel
Frequently Asked Questions about ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel
Q. What is the ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel?
Q. Why is the ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel done?
Q. How is the ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel test performed?
Q. Is there any risk associated with the ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel test?
Q. Is there any special preparation needed before the test?
Q. What do abnormal ANA IFA & ANA Blot Combo Panel test results indicate?
Q. How does Tata 1mg ensure accurate lab test results?
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References
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- Rheumatoid Factor - an overview [Internet]. ScienceDirect; [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/rheumatoid-factor
- Overview of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Lupus) [Internet]. NIH; Oct. 2022. [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/lupus
- Kumar Y, Bhatia A, Minz RW. Antinuclear antibodies and their detection methods in diagnosis of connective tissue diseases: a journey revisited. Diagn Pathol. 2009 Jan 2;4:1. [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2628865/
- Nosal RS, Superville SS, Amraei R, et al. Biochemistry, Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) [Updated 2022 Dec 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537071/
- Tešija Kuna A, Đerek L, Drvar V, Kozmar A, Gugo K. Assessment of antinuclear antibodies (ANA): National recommendations on behalf of the Croatian society of medical biochemistry and laboratory medicine. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2022 Jun 15;31(2):020502. [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8047791/
- Grygiel-Górniak B, Rogacka N, Puszczewicz M. Antinuclear antibodies in healthy people and non-rheumatic diseases - diagnostic and clinical implications. Reumatologia. 2018;56(4):243-248. [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6142026/
- Li QZ, Karp DR, Quan J, Branch VK, Zhou J, Lian Y, Chong BF, Wakeland EK, Olsen NJ. Risk factors for ANA positivity in healthy persons. Arthritis Res Ther. 2011 Mar 2;13(2):R38. [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3132017/
- Cojocaru M, Cojocaru IM, Silosi I, Vrabie CD. Manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Maedica (Bucur). 2011 Oct;6(4):330-6. PMID: 22879850; PMCID: PMC3391953. [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3391953/
- Phan TG, Wong RC, Adelstein S. Autoantibodies to extractable nuclear antigens: making detection and interpretation more meaningful. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2002 Jan;9(1):1-7. [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/document/d/10Ui0ZEge61oVKN3rN87YN2NOrmCJ4lkCXtMsAqWQ8-M/edit
- Venables PJ, Erhardt CC, Maini RN. Antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens in rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to vasculitis and circulating immune complexes. Clin Exp Immunol. 1980 Jan;39(1):146-53. PMID: 6771070; PMCID: PMC1537954. [Accessed 25 Sep. 2024]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1537954/
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