PNH Advance

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare and acquired blood disorder that causes premature destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis). It occurs due to a mutation in the PIGA gene, which results in the absence of protective GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-anchored proteins on the surface of blood cells. Without these proteins, blood cells become vulnerable to attack by the immune system.

The PNH Advance is a specialized flow cytometry-based blood test used to detect and confirm the presence of PNH. This advanced technique analyzes blood cells to identify those lacking the protective proteins CD55 and CD59 on their surface. Measuring the absence or deficiency of these proteins helps doctors determine the PNH clone size (the proportion of affected cells), assess disease severity, and monitor response to treatment.

Doctors usually recommend this test for individuals with unexplained anemia, dark urine, frequent blood clots, or bone marrow failure disorders such as aplastic anemia or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), where PNH may coexist. Early detection plays a key role in guiding appropriate treatment and improving long-term outcomes, as untreated PNH can be life-threatening.

For this test, it is important to submit the clinical history, histopathology report, previous test results, and a doctor’s prescription at the time of sample collection. The Tata 1mg consolidated Test Requisition Form (TRF) must also be duly filled and submitted.

Lab test results may vary across different laboratories. Abnormal test results require an expert interpretation. Therefore, never try to self-medicate at home based solely on these results, and always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results.