MMR Panel (MLH1, MSH2,MSH6 & PMS2)

Mismatch Repair (MMR) is a natural process in the body that corrects small errors in DNA replication, maintaining genetic stability. When this system does not function properly, it leads to MMR deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability (MSI)—conditions linked to certain cancers, particularly colorectal and endometrial cancers, and hereditary cancer syndromes such as Lynch syndrome.

The MMR Panel (MLH1, MSH2,MSH6 & PMS2) is an immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based diagnostic test that checks whether these four key MMR proteins are present or missing in tumor tissue. These proteins called MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2, work together to identify and repair DNA mismatches.

When one or more of these proteins are absent, it indicates a malfunction in the MMR pathway, which can contribute to cancer growth. Detecting such loss helps doctors: identify MMR-deficient tumors; screen for Lynch syndrome, and guide treatment planning, including the potential use of immunotherapy.

Doctors usually recommend this test for individuals diagnosed with colorectal, endometrial, or other solid tumors, especially when there is a family history of early or multiple cancers. This test is performed on tumor tissue obtained through biopsy or surgery and plays a key role in personalized cancer care.

For this test, it is important to submit the clinical history, previous test results, and a doctor’s prescription at the time of sample collection. The Tata 1mg consolidated Test Requisition Form (TRF) must also be duly filled.

Lab test results may vary across different laboratories. Abnormal test results require an expert interpretation. Therefore, never try to self-medicate at home based solely on these results, and always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results.

Disclaimer: In no event shall the liability of TATA 1MG exceed the amount of the actual cost of test charges incurred by the customer as stated on the invoice issued by Tata 1mg.