Free Light Chains (Kappa & Lambda), Serum

A Free Light Chains (Kappa & Lambda), Serum test is a blood test that evaluates the level of a specific protein called light chains, part of immunoglobulins (antibodies). This test helps to detect, diagnose, and monitor plasma cell disorders (also known as dyscrasias) such as primary amyloidosis, multiple myeloma, and various other associated diseases. It also aids in assessing ongoing treatment effectiveness.

Light chains are certain proteins produced by plasma cells (white blood cells) and are of two types, namely Kappa (K) and Lambda (L). They are linked together with other proteins (called heavy chains) to form immunoglobulins (antibodies) that target and neutralize specific pathogens. In general, your body produces some extra light chains that flow freely in the blood without getting attached to heavy chains. These unbound chains are known as free light chains. A Free Light Chains (Kappa & Lambda), Serum test determines the production of free kappa and free lambda light chains. Higher than normal free light chains in your blood can indicate disorders of the plasma cells. 

A Free Light Chains (Kappa & Lambda), Serum test helps detect, diagnose, and monitor a group of plasma cell disorders (also known as dyscrasias) such as primary amyloidosis, multiple myeloma, and monoclonal gammopathy (a condition that may progress to multiple myeloma), etc. Your doctor may recommend this test when there are symptoms suggestive of plasma cell disorders that include bone pain or fracture, anemia, recurrent infections, easy bruising, and abnormal kidney functioning. 

Free Light Chains (Kappa & Lambda), Serum test also provides complementary information by determining the ratio of Kappa and lambda (Kappa:Lambda) providing more in-depth information about the type, severity, and progression of these plasma cell disorders. Additionally, this test can be performed routinely to monitor the treatment effectiveness for these conditions.

Usually, no special preparation is required before undergoing a Free Light Chains (Kappa & Lambda), Serum test. However, It is important to inform your doctor about any medications, supplements, or medical conditions you may have, as these factors could potentially affect the test results. 

Lab test results may vary across different laboratories. The test results may vary depending on various factors like age, and underlying illness among others. Abnormal test results require an expert interpretation; therefore, never try to self-medicate at home based solely on these results, and always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results. The insights from this test help the doctor tailor an appropriate treatment plan.