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BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale)

Also referred as

BCR-ABL IS (International Scale)

p210 Transcript Fusion Quantitation by RT-PCR

For men & women

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192 hours

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1 test

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The BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) is a highly sensitive molecular blood test that measures the BCR-ABL gene (a genetic mutation linked to chronic myeloid leukemia [CML] and some blood cancers) and quantifies BCR-ABL p210 fusion transcript levels on an international scale (IS). It helps diagnose CML, monitor treatment effectiveness, and detect minimal residual disease, assess prognosis, and guide therapy adjustments.

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Understanding BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a slow-growing blood cancer that starts in the bone marrow. It can lead to the excessive production of abnormal white blood cells. It is commonly associated with the Philadelphia chromosome, a genetic abnormality caused by a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This translocation results in the formation of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, which produces an abnormal enzyme called BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase. This enzyme promotes uncontrolled cell division, leading to the progression of CML.

The BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) test is a vital diagnostic and monitoring tool for patients with CML and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). Both of these conditions are characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene.

The BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) test helps quantify the BCR-ABL1 transcript levels in the blood to monitor disease activity, and measures the amount of this fusion mRNA relative to a normal gene, with results standardized on an International Scale. This standardization allows for tracking the level of disease over time, assessing the effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies for treatment of CML, and defining key milestones like major molecular response (MMR) which indicates remission of disease.

The BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) test is recommended for individuals diagnosed with CML. It is especially useful for individuals experiencing therapy resistance or treatment failure. By tracking the BCR-ABL1 transcript levels over time, clinicians can determine if the therapy is effective and if treatment needs to be adjusted. The results guide doctors in choosing the best treatment plan by showing which medicine is likely to work better based on the individual’s genetic profile.

Usually, no special preparation is needed for this test. Eat and drink as per the daily routine. However, it is preferred to provide the clinical history before giving the sample.

Test result ranges are approximate and may differ slightly between labs. Talk to the doctor about specific test results. The results will help them determine the medical condition and formulate an overall treatment plan. They may suggest lifestyle recommendations and medications if required to manage the condition.

Please note: This is an outsourced test. The sample for this test is collected by TATA 1MG and processed at a NABL accredited partnered lab.

What does BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) measure?

The BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) test measures the amount of BCR-ABL fusion transcripts to diagnose chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This is used to monitor patient response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. The test helps determine if treatment is effective, adjust medication, and monitor for disease recurrence or resistance. The test uses real-time quantitative PCR, which is highly sensitive and can detect even minute levels of residual disease. The results are reported on an International Scale (IS), which allows for standardization and comparability of results across different laboratories.

A low or undetectable level means the treatment is working well, while a higher or rising level may suggest relapse or resistance.

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FAQs related to BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale)

What is the BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) test?

This test checks for a specific gene change (called BCR-ABL) in the blood. This gene is often found in people with certain types of blood cancer, like chronic myeloid leukemia (CML

Why do I need this test?

Doctors use this test to confirm if you have CML or a related leukemia, to track how well your treatment is working, and to check the recurrence of the disease.

How is the test done?

A small sample of blood is taken from your arm with a needle. The sample is then tested in a lab using a method called PCR, which looks for and measures the BCR-ABL gene.

Do I need to fast before the test?

No, you do not need to stop eating or drinking before this test.

How often do I need this test?

The frequency of the test depends on factors like the stage of the disease and how well the patient is responding to treatment. Your doctor will recommend the appropriate schedule based on your specific condition.

What do the results mean?

Low or no BCR-ABL indicates that your treatment is working well. However, high or rising BCR-ABL suggests that the disease may not be under control, and your doctor may consider adjusting your treatment.

What other tests may be ordered with the BCR ABL1 Mutation test?

Doctors may recommend additional tests alongside the BCR-ABL1 Mutation Test to gain a comprehensive understanding of the patient’s condition. These may include a complete blood count (CBC) to assess overall blood cell counts and morphology and a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy to evaluate the extent of bone marrow involvement.

What is chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)?

CML is a type of slow-growing blood cancer that affects white blood cells. It starts in the bone marrow and is usually linked to a genetic change called the Philadelphia chromosome.

What causes CML?

CML is caused by a genetic change where parts of chromosomes 9 and 22 switch places. This forms the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, which makes an abnormal protein that leads to uncontrolled cell growth.

Is CML curable?

CML is not usually cured. However, it can be well controlled with long-term medication, particularly tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

What is minimal residual disease (MRD)?

MRD refers to the small number of cancer cells that may remain in the body after treatment. These cells are not detectable with standard tests but can be found using sensitive methods like PCR.

How does Tata 1mg ensure accurate lab test results?

Tata 1mg ensures accurate lab test results through certified laboratories. Tata 1mg uses advanced technology and adheres to stringent quality control measures. This commitment to high standards guarantees reliable results.

Content created by

Dr. Swati Gupta (Anand)

MD Lab Medicine, MBBS

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Last Updated

10th Oct 2025