BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a slow-growing blood cancer that starts in the bone marrow. It can lead to the excessive production of abnormal white blood cells. It is commonly associated with the Philadelphia chromosome, a genetic abnormality caused by a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. This translocation results in the formation of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, which produces an abnormal enzyme called BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase. This enzyme promotes uncontrolled cell division, leading to the progression of CML.

The BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) test is a vital diagnostic and monitoring tool for patients with CML and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL). Both of these conditions are characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. 

The BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) test helps quantify the BCR-ABL1 transcript levels in the blood to monitor disease activity, and measures the amount of this fusion mRNA relative to a normal gene, with results standardized on an International Scale. This standardization allows for tracking the level of disease over time, assessing the effectiveness of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies for treatment of CML, and defining key milestones like major molecular response (MMR) which indicates remission of disease.

The BCR-ABL Quantitative PCR (IS Scale) test is recommended for individuals diagnosed with CML. It is especially useful for individuals experiencing therapy resistance or treatment failure. By tracking the BCR-ABL1 transcript levels over time, clinicians can determine if the therapy is effective and if treatment needs to be adjusted. The results guide doctors in choosing the best treatment plan by showing which medicine is likely to work better based on the individual’s genetic profile.

Usually, no special preparation is needed for this test. Eat and drink as per the daily routine. However, it is preferred to provide the clinical history before giving the sample.

Test result ranges are approximate and may differ slightly between labs. Talk to the doctor about specific test results. The results will help them determine the medical condition and formulate an overall treatment plan. They may suggest lifestyle recommendations and medications if required to manage the condition.