AMH (Anti-Mullerian Hormone)

The AMH (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) test measures the amount of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) present in the body. Both males and females actually produce AMH but the test is commonly undertaken for females to determine their reproductive potential. AMH levels give insight into ovarian reserve, i.e., the number and quality of eggs in the ovaries, and also into the possibilities of conception.

Anti-Mullerian hormone-(AMH) or Mullerian-inhibition hormone (MIH) helps in the development and functioning of the reproductive organs in both men and women. In men, it is produced by the testes and in women by the ovaries. The role and amount of AMH in the body varies by age and gender.

AMH is the best biomarker used to assess ovarian reserve in a woman (the number and quality of eggs in the ovaries). Ovarian reserve determines the ability of a woman to get pregnant either naturally or IVF-induced. The number of ovarian follicles and levels of AMH drop steadily with advancing age. Assessing these levels help check reproductive health.

The doctor may advise an AMH test to:

• Estimate the ovarian reserve or egg quantity.
• Assess the fertility potential.
• Assist in diagnosing conditions such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).             
• Provide guidance on fertility treatment decisions (for example, IVF).

An increase in AMH concentration can cause fertility problems, PCOS, or conditions that predispose anovulation (absence of ovulation during a menstrual cycle), and irregularity in the menstrual cycle. On the other hand, lower levels of AMH may indicate diminished ovarian reserve that can contribute to fertility problems, especially in women aged above 35.

In males, AMH is produced by the testes in high concentration before puberty. After that, these hormone levels start decreasing so that this hormone can serve as a means to mark fertility-related issues. For babies, this test can sometimes reveal more about the child's genital organs when they are not obviously formed (ambiguous genitalia).

No special preparation is required for an AMH (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) test. Eat and drink as per your daily routine. Do not take birth control pills prior to this test as they may interfere with the test results.  AMH levels also do not fluctuate during the menstrual cycle, so blood samples can be taken anytime during the month.

Test result ranges may vary across the laboratories depending on the methodology and laboratory guidelines. Do not self-medicate, and always consult your doctor to understand your test results correctly. Remember AMH levels are only one parameter of fertility assessment; a comprehensive evaluation that considers other parameters like age, medical history, and lifestyle factors is recommended  to manage reproductive health.

Lifestyle tips to keep your AMH level healthy:

🏋Healthy weight: Maintaining a healthy weight supports hormonal balance and optimal AMH levels.

🥙Eat (Diet): Eat food rich in vitamin D, omega-3s, and plant-based proteins to support your AMH levels and fertility.

🚴Activity (Exercise): Engage in regular moderate exercise. Physical activity helps regulate hormone levels, improve overall health.

Lifestyle (Stress): Manage stress with yoga, meditation, or deep breathing to help balance hormones and support healthy AMH levels. 

👩‍⚕️Talk to Your Doctor (Consult): Consult your doctor for personalized guidance on AMH testing, fertility, and potential supplements. 

🍺Habits (Alcohol & Smoking): These habits can negatively affect your hormonal balance and reduce AMH levels.