E2 (Estradiol)

An E2 (Estradiol) test measures the amount of the hormone estradiol, a hormone produced by both males and females. Though estradiol is primarily a female sex hormone that is produced by the ovaries, breasts, and adrenal glands, males also produce it but in small amounts. You may need this test to check for menstrual problems, early or delayed puberty, menopause symptoms, or certain types of cancer such as breast cancer. 

Estradiol, also known as E2, is the primary and most potent form of estrogen in your body during your reproductive years. It plays a vital role in the development and functioning of the female reproductive system. It also promotes the growth of the uterus, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and development of secondary sexual characteristics. In addition to facilitating healthy breast development, it also distributes body fat evenly and helps with the growth of the fallopian tubes and vagina.

When it comes to the female body, having optimal estrogen levels is essential for reproductive health. A deranged level of E2 can lead to severe issues like weak bones, depression, and urinary tract infections. The level of the E2 hormone fluctuates throughout the menstrual cycle. Usually, the highest levels are found around ovulation and gradually decrease after ovulation. Males also have estradiol in their bodies but their estradiol levels are much lower than the levels in females. In males, E2 is produced by the adrenal glands and testes. It helps prevent sperm from dying too early. 

In females, an E2 (Estradiol) test helps assess diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), ovarian tumors, and hormone imbalances. Whereas, a male can be suggested this test if they have enlarged breasts, to check if puberty is delayed, or to check erectile dysfunction. However, its clinical importance in sexual function and development in men is likely less significant than in women.

No special preparation is required for an E2 (Estradiol) test. You can eat and drink as per your daily routine. However, certain factors must be kept in mind which affect the estradiol level and should be discussed with the doctor. The doctor may even ask you to stop taking certain medications, supplements, and birth control pills before the test as they can interfere with your test results. It is important to note that estradiol levels can vary throughout the day and woman's menstrual cycle. As a result, the doctor may ask you to get your blood test at a certain time of day or at a certain time in your cycle.

Reference ranges may vary somewhat between laboratories, in the normal values ​​listed and the units used. Normal estrogen results depend upon the gender and age of the person tested. In women, test results can also depend on pregnancy. Test results do not diagnose a specific condition but give information about the potential cause of your symptoms or your health status. Talk to your doctor about your specific test results. The results will help them determine your medical condition, make recommendations for lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise, and determine whether or not medication/supplements will be required to manage your overall condition.