Viral Respiratory Panel with HMPV

The Human Parechovirus test measures the presence of parechovirus RNA (genetic material) in a patient's sample, typically taken from the nose or throat swab. Parechovirus is a virus found in the respiratory and digestive systems, and it can cause mild to severe illnesses, particularly in infants, ranging from cold-like symptoms to more serious neurological or gastrointestinal issues. This test detects if the virus is present by converting any viral RNA into DNA through the RT-PCR process, followed by amplification to identify even small amounts of the virus. A positive result indicates an active parechovirus infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. It also aids in distinguishing enterovirus infections from other respiratory viruses that may present with similar symptoms, helping to prevent complications and ensuring proper diagnosis and treatment.

The Human Coronavirus test measures the presence of the genetic material (RNA) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes coronavirus (COVID-19) infection. The test works by collecting a sample, typically from the nose or throat, and using an RT PCR process to convert any viral RNA into DNA. This DNA is then amplified and analyzed to determine if the virus is present. A positive result indicates an active infection, while a negative result suggests the absence of the virus at the time of testing.  It also helps distinguish Corona Virus infection from other respiratory illnesses causing similar symptoms, and guiding proper treatment. It is considered one of the most reliable methods for detecting COVID-19.

The Human Parainfluenza Virus 1 test measures the presence of genetic material (RNA) of the Human Parainfluenza Virus (HMPV) 1, a contagious virus that causes upper and lower respiratory illnesses, including croup, bronchitis, and pneumonia, particularly in young children and infants. The test requires a nasopharyngeal swab sample and uses Real-time PCR technology to detect the presence of the virus. A positive result indicates an active HPIV-1 infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. This test helps distinguish HPIV-1 infections from other viral respiratory illnesses, ensuring proper diagnosis and timely treatment to reduce the risk of complications.

The Human Parainfluenza Virus 2 test measures the presence of genetic material (RNA) of the Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) 2, a contagious virus that causes upper and lower respiratory illnesses, including croup, bronchitis, and pneumonia, particularly in young children and infants. The test requires a nasopharyngeal swab sample and uses Real-time PCR technology to detect the presence of the virus. A positive result indicates an active HPIV-2 infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. This test helps distinguish HPIV-2 infections from other viral respiratory illnesses, ensuring proper diagnosis and timely treatment to reduce the risk of complications.

The Human Parainfluenza Virus 3 test measures the presence of genetic material (RNA) of the Human Parainfluenza Virus (HMPV) 3, a contagious virus that causes upper and lower respiratory illnesses, including croup, bronchitis, and pneumonia, particularly in young children and infants. The test requires a nasopharyngeal swab sample and uses Real-time PCR technology to detect the presence of the virus. A positive result indicates an active HPIV-3 infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. This test helps distinguish HPIV-3 infections from other viral respiratory illnesses, ensuring proper diagnosis and timely treatment to reduce the risk of complications.

The Human Parainfluenza Virus 4 test measures the presence of genetic material (RNA) of the Human Parainfluenza Virus (HMPV) 4. Although HPIV-4 infections are generally less common and less severe compared to other parainfluenza viruses, they can still contribute to upper and lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in young children, the elderly, or individuals with compromised immune systems. The test requires a nasopharyngeal swab sample and uses Real-time PCR technology to detect the presence of the virus. A positive result indicates an active HPIV-4 infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. This test helps distinguish HPIV-4 infections from other viral respiratory illnesses, ensuring proper diagnosis and timely treatment to reduce the risk of complications.

The Influenza A Virus test  measures the presence of the Influenza A virus, a highly contagious virus that causes flu-like symptoms such as fever, cough, and body aches. This test detects viral RNA or antigens specific to Influenza A using  nasopharyngeal swab sample, helping to diagnose infections and allowing for early treatment. It is useful for distinguishing influenza from other respiratory illnesses, guiding appropriate management, and preventing complications. The test is particularly valuable during flu season or when rapid diagnosis is needed to control the spread of the virus.

The Enterovirus detects the presence of enterovirus RNA (genetic material) in a patient's sample, often obtained from a nasal or throat. Enteroviruses can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more serious conditions like poliomyelitis and meningitis. The test works by converting entrovirus’s viral RNA into DNA through the RT PCR process. A positive result means the virus is present, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. It also aids in distinguishing enterovirus infections from other respiratory or neurological conditions that may present with similar symptoms, helping to prevent complications.

The Influenza A (H3N2) Virus test measures the presence of the H3N2 strain of the Influenza A virus in the body. This test detects the viral RNA or antigens specific to H3N2, which is one of the subtypes of Influenza A known to cause seasonal flu outbreaks. It helps identify if an individual is infected with the H3N2 virus, allowing for timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This test is important for distinguishing influenza from other respiratory illnesses and guiding healthcare providers in managing flu symptoms and reducing transmission.

The Human Metapneumoviruses (A/B) test measures the presence of RNA (genetic material) of human metapneumovirus (HPMV), a respiratory virus responsible for upper and lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in young children, adults over 65 and people with weakened immune systems. The test requires a nasopharyngeal swab sample and uses Real time-PCR technology to identify strains of HMPV A and HMPV B.  A positive result indicates an active HMPV infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. The test also helps differentiate HMPV infections from other respiratory illnesses with similar symptoms, ensuring accurate diagnosis and timely treatment to prevent complications.

The Pandemic H1 Influenza Virus (pdm09) test measures the presence of genetic material (RNA) of H1N1 influenza virus, responsible for causing flu-like symptoms, including fever, cough, and body aches, and can lead to more severe respiratory illnesses, especially in high-risk individuals. The test requires a nasopharyngeal swab sample and uses Real time-PCR technology to identify H1N1 infection. A positive result indicates an active H1N1 infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. This test also helps distinguish H1N1 infections from other respiratory viruses with similar symptoms, ensuring accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment to reduce complications.

The Influenza B Virus test measures the presence of genetic material (RNA) of the Influenza B virus, responsible for causing flu-like symptoms to more severe respiratory illnesses, particularly in high risk individuals (such as children or people with weakened immune systems). The test requires a nasopharyngeal swab sample and uses Real-time PCR technology to identify the Influenza B infection. A positive result indicates an active Influenza B infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. This test also helps differentiate Influenza B from other respiratory viruses with similar symptoms, ensuring an accurate diagnosis and guiding the appropriate treatment to reduce complications.

The Influenza C Virus test measures the presence of genetic material (RNA) of the Influenza C virus, which can cause mild respiratory symptoms, such as cough, sore throat, and low-grade fever. While Influenza C infections are generally less severe than those caused by Influenza A or B, they can still contribute to respiratory illness, particularly in vulnerable individuals. The test requires a nasopharyngeal swab sample and uses Real-time PCR technology to detect the Influenza C virus. A positive result indicates an active Influenza C infection, while a negative result shows no virus was detected at the time of testing. This test helps differentiate Influenza C from other respiratory viruses, ensuring accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of symptoms.

The Human Adenovirus test measures the presence of adenovirus RNA (genetic material) in patient's sample, usually collected from the nose or throat. This test uses the RT-PCR method to convert viral RNA into DNA, which is then amplified to detect even small amounts of the virus. A positive result indicates an active adenovirus infection, while a negative result means no virus was detected at the time of testing. The test helps identify adenovirus infections, which can cause symptoms similar to the common cold or more severe respiratory conditions such as pneumonia, especially in people with weakened immune systems or existing respiratory or cardiac disease. It also helps distinguish human adenovius infection from other respiratory illnesses, ensuring accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

The Human Respiratory Syncytial, also known as RSV test measures the presence of RSV RNA (genetic material) in patient's sample, usually collected from the nose or throat. This test uses the RT-PCR method to convert viral RNA into DNA, which is then amplified to detect even small amounts of the virus. A positive result indicates an active RSV infection, while a negative result means no virus was detected at the time of testing. The test helps identify RSV infections, which can cause symptoms similar to the common cold or more severe respiratory conditions, especially in infants and the elderly. It also helps distinguish RSV from other respiratory infections, ensuring accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.

The Human Rhinovirus test measures the presence of rhinovirus RNA (genetic material) in patient's sample, typically taken from the nose or throat. This test uses the RT-PCR method to convert Rhinovirus's RNA into DNA, which is then amplified to detect even small amounts of the virus. A positive result indicates an active rhinovirus infection, while a negative result means no virus was detected at the time of testing. The test helps identify rhinovirus infections, which are a common cause of the common cold, and can help distinguish them from other respiratory infections with similar symptoms, ensuring accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

The RNASE P (IC) test is used in the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) protocol as an internal control (IC) for the detection of COVID-19, since this is a multi-copy gene that is abundant in the human genome, and therefore is easily detectable. Ribonuclease P (RNase P) is an endoribonuclease that cleaves other RNA molecules at the junction between a single-stranded region and the 5′ end of a double-stranded region. The enzyme is one of only two ribozymes that can be found in all kingdoms of life (Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya).