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CD4 Absolute Count

Also referred as

CD4 Count Test

CD4+ T-cell Count

T4 Count

T-helper Cells Count

CD4 Percentage (CD%)

For men & women

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The CD4 Absolute Count test measures the number of CD4+ T cells in the blood. CD4+ T cells are a type of white blood cell (WBC) that helps the immune system fight off infections. This test is commonly used to assess immune function and to monitor disease progression or treatment response in individuals with HIV infection and other immunodeficiency disorders, including severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), post-transplant immunosuppression, chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression, and autoimmune diseases.

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Understanding CD4 Absolute Count

CD4+ T cells are a type of white blood cell vital for immune function. They help fight off infections by signaling other immune cells to respond.

The CD4 Absolute Count test helps assess the strength of the immune system by quantifying the number of CD+4 T lymphocytes in the blood. A doctor may suggest the CD4 Absolute Count test if an individual has been diagnosed with HIV infection or is suspected of having HIV Infection. This test helps in the diagnosis, staging, and monitoring of HIV or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). For patients with HIV, the CD4 Absolute Count test helps determine the stage of infection, when to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART), and how well the treatment is working. This test also helps monitor immune system status in other immunocompromised conditions, and symptoms suggestive of an opportunistic infection, or other complications related to HIV.

Additionally, the CD4 Absolute Count test can be done in other clinical scenarios involving immune suppression, such as congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies (e.g. SCID, Digeorge syndrome), patients undergoing chemotherapy, immunosuppressive therapy or organ transplantation, and those with autoimmune disease or protein energy malnutrition.

No special preparation is required for the CD4 Absolute Count test. However, provide a brief clinical history at the time of sample collection. Inform a doctor about all the medications (e.g., immunosuppressants, steroids, etc.), supplements, and underlying illnesses, as all these factors may affect the test results.

Test result ranges are approximate and may differ slightly between labs depending on the methodology and reference standards used. High levels of CD4 cell counts indicate a healthy immune system, while low levels may suggest a weak immune system and a high risk of opportunistic infections. Do not self-medicate, and always consult a doctor to understand the test results correctly.

Please note: This is an outsourced test. The sample for this test is collected by TATA 1MG and processed at a NABL accredited partnered lab.

What does CD4 Absolute Count measure?

The CD4 Absolute Count test measures the number of CD4+ T cells in one microliter (µL) of blood. These cells help regulate immune responses and fight infections. In HIV, the virus targets and destroys these cells, making the immune system weak. This test helps determine the degree of immune suppression and the patient's risk of developing opportunistic infections or disease progression.

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FAQs related to CD4 Absolute Count

What is the CD4 Absolute Count test?

The CD4 Absolute Count test measures the number of CD4 T-cells (a type of white blood cell) to assess your immune system. It helps monitor HIV treatment and assess infection risk.

Do I need to fast before the test?

No, fasting is not mandatory for this test.

How is the CD4 Absolute Count test done?

The test is done by taking a blood sample from a vein in your arm. The sample is then analyzed by flow cytometry to measure the number of CD4+ t helper cells.

Is the CD4 Absolute Count test only for people with HIV?

No. While it is most commonly used for HIV monitoring, the test is also helpful in assessing immune function in patients undergoing chemotherapy,organ or stem cell transplantation, or those with autoimmune or congenital immunodeficiencies.

What does a low CD4 count indicate?

A low CD4 count means your immune system is weak and may not fight infections effectively. It is often seen in advanced HIV infection or patients on immunosuppressive therapies.

What is a normal CD4 count?

A normal CD4 count typically ranges between 448-1611 cells per cubic millimeter of blood. However, the range may vary slightly depending on the laboratory and individual health conditions.

What CD4 count indicates AIDS?

A CD4 count below 200 cells/μL indicates AIDS, as it reflects severe immune system damage and a higher risk of infections. At this level, the immune system becomes severely weakened, increasing the risk of opportunistic infections.

Can a CD4 test be done along with other tests?

Yes. The CD4 test is often performed along with CD8 count, HIV viral load, or complete blood count (CBC) to provide a comprehensive assessment of immune system health and monitor treatment response.

How often should CD4 testing be repeated?

The frequency of CD4 testing depends on the individual’s HIV status and treatment plan.

Can lifestyle factors affect CD4 counts?

Yes. Factors such as stress, lack of sleep, poor diet, smoking, and infections can temporarily lower CD4 counts. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and adhering to prescribed treatment can help support immune function.

What is the CD4/CD8 ratio and why is it important?

The CD4/CD8 ratio compares the number of CD4 “helper” cells to CD8 “suppressor” cells in the blood. A normal ratio is around 1.0 to 2.5.A lower ratio may indicate immune system activation or suppression, commonly seen in HIV infection and certain immune disorders.

How does Tata 1mg ensure accurate lab test results?

Tata 1mg ensures accurate lab test results through certified laboratories that use advanced technology and adhere to stringent quality control measures. This commitment to high standards guarantees reliable results.

Content created by

Dr. Swati Gupta (Anand)

MD Lab Medicine, MBBS

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Last Updated

14th Nov 2025