What is a Pregnancy Test?
A pregnancy test is a way to find out whether you’re pregnant. Positive results mean that you are pregnant, and negative results mean that you are not pregnant. Pregnancy tests work by detecting human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), a hormone your body makes when you’re pregnant.
From the very start of pregnancy, your body begins changing to support the fertilized egg that will develop into your baby. One of the earliest changes is the production of HCG. This hormone starts to increase once the fertilized egg implants itself in the uterus, typically six to ten days after conception.
There are two main kinds of pregnancy tests, urine and blood tests.
Most people use urine-based tests at home, which are available over the counter without a prescription. Blood tests are done in a healthcare setting and involve taking a blood sample. Another way to confirm pregnancy is through an ultrasound, which your healthcare provider performs in their clinic.
You might take a pregnancy test for several reasons, which include trying to conceive, after a missed period, following birth control failure, or before starting a medication or medical procedure that could be affected by pregnancy. If you’re uncertain about your results, it’s best to consult your healthcare provider.
Take the test today, get clear results in minutes from the comfort of your home.
Which Hormone Is Checked in a Pregnancy Test?
A pregnancy test measures the amount of HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) in your body. This hormone is produced by the placenta, which forms soon after the fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall. HCG levels rise rapidly in early pregnancy, doubling every few days.
When Should You Take a Pregnancy Test?
If you suspect pregnancy, it’s wise to take a test. The timing depends on the sensitivity of your test; some can detect pregnancy as early as 10 days after conception. For the most reliable results, wait until after your missed period before testing.
Testing too early may show a false negative, even if you are pregnant. If your test is negative but your period doesn’t start, try again a few days later.
What Time of Day Should I Take a Pregnancy Test?
The ideal time to take a pregnancy test is with your first urine of the morning, when HCG concentration is highest. However, some tests are sensitive enough to detect HCG at any time of the day. If you test later, try to wait at least three hours since your last urination. Testing twice can also help confirm your results.
How Do Pregnancy Tests Work?
A pregnancy test detects HCG in your urine or blood. This hormone takes time to accumulate, so very early testing may not show accurate results. Each day after conception, your body produces more HCG, which increases the likelihood of a positive result over time.
In a urine test, a reactive strip changes when HCG is detected, displaying results as a plus sign, double lines, or the word “pregnant.” Always read the instructions carefully, as result indicators vary by brand. Most tests include a control window that confirms the test is working properly.
In a blood test, a healthcare provider takes a sample from your arm and sends it to a lab to measure HCG levels. Your provider will then share the results with you.
What Are the Types of Pregnancy Tests?
There are two primary types of tests: urine and blood tests.
At-Home Urine Test:
This is the most common type and uses urine to detect HCG. Home pregnancy tests are up to 99% accurate when used correctly, similar to those performed in a clinic. They’re affordable, easy to find, and simple to use.
You can take the test in three ways:
- Collect urine in a clean cup and place a few drops on the test strip.
- Hold the test strip directly in your urine stream.
- Dip the test strip into a cup containing your urine.
For best accuracy, test after a missed period, usually around 14 days after conception.
Tips for Home Testing:
Use your first-morning urine if possible.
- Avoid drinking excessive fluids before testing.
- Check the expiration date on the test.
- Follow all instructions carefully.
Know sooner, worry less, try a reliable home pregnancy test now.
Blood Test:
Blood pregnancy tests are done at a healthcare facility. They can detect even very low levels of HCG, allowing for earlier detection, typically 7–10 days after conception.
A blood test may be ordered for people undergoing fertility treatment or if there are concerns about the pregnancy. These tests can also measure the exact amount of HCG, helping doctors track the pregnancy’s progress.
HCG levels usually double every two days in early pregnancy. If they rise slowly, it might signal a potential issue. Very high levels could indicate multiple pregnancies (twins) or other complications.
Are All Home Pregnancy Tests the Same?
Most at-home tests are reliable and work on the same principle, detecting HCG in urine. The difference lies in sensitivity: some detect pregnancy earlier than others. Regardless, for the most accurate results, it’s recommended to wait until you have missed your period before testing.
Advantages of a Home Pregnancy Test
- Affordable and widely available
- Quick and easy to use
- Provide the result within minutes
When used correctly, they are 98-99% accurate.
Blood test, though more costly and inconvenient, can detect pregnancy earlier and give an exact HCG measurement.
What Should You Avoid Before a Pregnancy Test?
There are no major restrictions before testing. However, fertility medications containing HCG can affect results.
Helpful tips:
- Carefully read all instructions before use.
- Wait until you miss your period for accurate results.
- Use your first or concentrated urine; don’t drink excess water before testing.
How Long Do Pregnancy Test Results Take?
Each test varies, but most home kits show results within 3 minutes. Waiting too long to check results can cause evaporation lines, which may be mistaken for a faint positive. Always reads results within 10 minutes for accuracy.
A faint line usually means pregnancy, while an evaporation line appears after the urine dries.
How Soon Can a Test Turn Positive?
Some tests can detect HCG before you miss your period, but testing after you miss your period ensures higher accuracy.
How Accurate Are Pregnancy Tests?
When used correctly, pregnancy tests are about 99% accurate.
Can Pregnancy Tests Give False Results?
Yes, though it’s uncommon
- False negatives often happen when testing too early or using the test incorrectly
- False positives are rare but may occur after a chemical pregnancy or early miscarriage.
Follow the instructions carefully to minimize errors.
Which Test Confirms Pregnancy the Earliest?
A blood test can confirm pregnancy sooner than a urine test, as it detects smaller amounts of HCG.
Does any Medication Affect Pregnancy Test Results?
Most medications, such as antibiotics or painkillers, don’t interfere with pregnancy tests. However, fertility drugs containing HCG can cause false positives. Always consult your doctor if you are on such medications.
What Should You Do After a Positive Test?
If your home test is positive:
- Start prenatal vitamins containing folic acid.
- Schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider.
- Adopt healthy habits, avoid alcohol, smoking, and limit caffeine.
Watch our YouTube video to learn how to use the pregnancy test kit correctly, step by step
Will an Ectopic Pregnancy Show Up on a Pregnancy Test?
- Yes. Even in an ectopic pregnancy, HCG is produced, so the test will still show positive.
- However, an ultrasound is necessary to confirm the pregnancy’s location.
A Note from Tata 1mg
A pregnancy test helps confirm if you’re pregnant. Most women take it at home using urine, but it can also be done through a blood test at their doctor’s office. For the most dependable results, test after a missed period. When used correctly, home tests are up to 99% accurate.
If you have questions or uncertain results, reach out to your healthcare provider for guidance.
Consult a Doctor
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
-How soon can I take a pregnancy test after sex?
You can take a pregnancy test about 10 to 14 days after conception. For the most reliable results, wait until after your missed period.
-Can a pregnancy test show false results?
Yes. A false negative can happen if you test too early or use diluted urine. False positives are rare but may occur if you’re taking fertility medications containing HCG or experience an early miscarriage.
-What does a faint positive line mean?
A faint line usually indicates pregnancy. The line appears lighter when HCG levels are still low, often in the very early days after conception.
-Can I take a pregnancy test at night?
Yes, you can take a test at any time of day. However, first-morning urine is most concentrated and gives the most accurate results.
-What should I do after getting a positive pregnancy test?
Start taking prenatal vitamins with folic acid, avoid alcohol and smoking, and book an appointment with your healthcare provider to confirm your pregnancy and plan next steps.