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Red Blood Cell Count

Also referred as

Erythrocyte Count

For men & women

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The Red Blood Cell Count test measures the number of red blood cells (RBCs) in your body. This test is a key indicator of anemia and other conditions affecting RBC count, such as kidney and bone marrow disorders. It is done as part of a complete blood count test that also measures other blood cell types.

Samples required

Blood

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Preparations

No special preparation is required.

Sample Collection

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Understanding Red Blood Cell Count

Red blood cells (RBCs), also known as erythrocytes, contain hemoglobin that transports oxygen to every cell in your body. Oxygen is essential for the cells to grow, reproduce, stay healthy, and function properly. Hence, the amount of oxygen each cell gets depends on the number of RBCs and how well they work.

A high or low RBC level is often the first sign of an illness. A high RBC count may be caused by low blood oxygen levels, smoking, and dehydration, and may indicate the presence of lung disease, congenital heart disease, polycythemia vera, etc. A low RBC count may indicate anemia, vitamin B6 or B12 deficiency, malnutrition, or kidney disease. The Red Blood Cell Count test usually needs no special preparation; you can eat and drink as per your daily routine.

Test result ranges are approximate and may differ slightly between labs depending on the methodology and laboratory guidelines. Talk to your doctor about your specific test results. The results will help them determine your medical condition, make recommendations for lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise, and formulate your overall treatment plan.

What does Red Blood Cell Count measure?

The Red Blood Cell Count test measures the total number of red blood cells in your blood. RBCs are the most abundant cells in the blood with an average lifespan of 120 days. These cells are produced in the bone marrow and destroyed in the spleen or liver. Their primary function is to help carry oxygen from the lungs to different body parts. The normal range of RBC count can vary depending on age, gender, and the equipment and methods used for testing.

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FAQs related to Red Blood Cell Count

Which diseases can the Red Blood Cell Count test detect?

The Red Blood Cell Count test can help identify different types of anemia and other medical conditions that affect RBC count, such as polycythemia vera, kidney diseases, and bone marrow disorders.

Is there any risk associated with the Red Blood Cell Count test?

There is usually no risk associated with this test. However, some people may feel a slight sting while the needle is pricked and may experience some bleeding that is normal and usually not bothersome. Rarely some people may experience slight swelling or bruising at the site of the needle prick. Applying ice 3-4 times a day for about a week may help reduce swelling and bruising. If it does not get better, consult your doctor.

How can I increase my RBC count?

You may increase your red blood cell count by eating foods high in key nutrients such as iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 such as green leafy vegetables, eggs, whole grains, etc. Abstaining from alcohol may also help.

Is RBC count related to hemoglobin?

How is an RBC test performed?

A phlebotomist (a trained professional to perform blood draws) will clean or wipe your skin using an antiseptic alcohol cotton swab and take a blood sample from your vein using a needle. The blood sample will be stored safely and transported to the laboratory for analysis.

Content created by

Dr. Anupriya Nautiyal

MD Pathology, MBBS

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Last Updated

8th Oct 2025