Dengue Fever, IgG & IgM

Dengue is a viral infection caused by the dengue virus. The virus is transmitted to humans primarily through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. It typically presents with a sudden onset of symptoms, including high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes, joint and muscle pain, rash, and mild bleeding. Early detection and differentiation are crucial, as secondary dengue infections can sometimes lead to more severe forms of the disease, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome.

A Dengue Fever, IgG & IgM test helps detect dengue and determine whether a person is currently infected (indicated by IgM) or was infected in the past (indicated by IgG). IgM antibodies are the first type of antibodies produced by the immune system in response to a dengue infection. They typically appear within 3-5 days after the onset of symptoms and persist for about 2-3 months. Their presence suggests a recent dengue infection. Whereas, IgG antibodies develop later in the course of the disease and stay for an extended period. Their presence indicates a past dengue infection or immunity from a previous infection. However, rising IgG levels may indicate a secondary dengue infection.

A Dengue Fever, IgG & IgM test may be advised if your doctor suspects dengue infection or if you have recently traveled to a dengue-prone area, even if they do not show any symptoms. Also, pregnant women should get tested for dengue if an infection is suspected, as they have a higher risk of developing DHF and can even pass dengue to their babies during pregnancy or at birth. 

Usually, no special preparation is required for a Dengue Fever, IgG & IgM test; eat and drink as per your daily routine. After two weeks of symptoms, additional blood sample testing may be needed to check if the antibody level is rising. Talk to your doctor about your test results. The results will help them determine your medical condition and formulate an overall treatment plan.