Tata AIG Women Care - Advance (Insurance Reimbursement) - Hybrid

The Serum Calcium test measures the levels of calcium in the body. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body; most of it is present in the bones and teeth, and the remaining portion (around 1%) is found in the blood. It is usually present in two forms in blood in about equal amounts: "bound calcium," which is attached to proteins in the blood, and "free calcium or ionized calcium," which is not attached to any protein. 

The Serum Calcium test cannot be used to check for lack of calcium in your diet or osteoporosis (loss of calcium from bones) as the body can have normal calcium levels even in dietary calcium deficiency. Moreover, the body can normalize mild calcium deficiency by releasing the calcium stored in bones.

The Vitamin B12 test measures your vitamin B12 levels. This vitamin is essential for various health aspects, such as maintaining a healthy nervous system, making red blood cells, and creating the genetic material of our cells. Low vitamin B12 levels are more likely to occur in older adults, children, vegans, vegetarians, people with diabetes, individuals who underwent gastric bypass surgery, women who are breastfeeding, and in conditions like Crohn’s disease that impact the absorption of this vitamin. High vitamin B12 levels are seen in conditions like liver diseases and myeloproliferative disorders. Also, high levels of vitamin B12 are seen in individuals on vitamin supplementation, but this usually does not require treatment as the excess vitamin is flushed out through urine.

An ESR test measures the rate at which red blood cells (erythrocytes) settle (sediment) in one hour at the bottom of a tube that contains a blood sample.

When there is inflammation in the body, certain proteins, mainly fibrinogen, increase in the blood. This increased amount of fibrinogen causes the red blood cells to form a stack (rouleaux formation) that settles quickly due to its high density, leading to an increase in the ESR.

An ESR test is a non-specific measure of inflammation and can be affected by conditions other than inflammation. This test cannot identify the exact location of the inflammation in your body or what is causing it. Hence, an ESR test is usually performed along with a few other tests to identify or treat possible health concerns.

The Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid) test analyzes the levels of vitamin B9 in the blood. Vitamin B9 is a part of the B complex of vitamins and is an essential nutrient, meaning the body cannot produce it and has to be taken into the diet. Folate is the naturally occurring form of vitamin B9, whereas folic acid refers to a supplement that is added to food and drinks. The deficiency of vitamin B9 (folic acid) can also lead to macrocytic anemia in which the size of the RBCs becomes larger than normal.

An HbA1c (Glycosylated Hemoglobin) test precisely measures the percentage of sugar-coated or glycated hemoglobin in your blood. The test results represent the proportion of hemoglobin in your blood that has been glycated. 

Hemoglobin, a vital protein found in red blood cells, is responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. Hemoglobin A is the most abundant form of hemoglobin, and when blood sugar levels increase, a higher proportion of hemoglobin A becomes glycated. As red blood cells have a lifespan of approximately 120 days, the sugar molecules remain attached to the hemoglobin for the duration of the cell's life. Consequently, the HbA1c test offers insight into your average blood sugar levels over the past 8 to 12 weeks.

The CBC (Complete Blood Count) test measures the number of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. Each of these blood cells performs essential functions–RBCs carry oxygen from your lungs to the various body parts, WBCs help fight infections and other diseases, and platelets help your blood to clot. Therefore, determining their levels can provide significant health information. A CBC test also determines the hemoglobin level, a protein in RBC that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of your body. Evaluating all these components together can provide important information about your overall health.

This further contains

• Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration
• Mean Platelet Volume
• PDW
• RDW CV
• Absolute Leucocyte Count
• Hematocrit
• Hb (Hemoglobin)
• Differential Leukocyte Count
• Red Blood Cell Count
• Platelet Count
• Total Leukocyte Count
• Mean Corpuscular Volume
• Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

The FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar) test measures the glucose level in the body under overnight fasting conditions. Glucose is the body's energy currency and is broken down through metabolism to produce energy. Hormones and enzymes produced by the liver and pancreas control this process. The hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas, regulates blood glucose levels. When these levels are high, such as after a meal, insulin is secreted to transport glucose into cells for energy production. Elevated glucose levels in the body after fasting may indicate a risk of developing prediabetes or diabetes, which can be of two types: Type 1, caused by little or no insulin production, and Type 2, caused by insulin resistance or decreased insulin production.

The Phosphorus, Serum test is used to evaluate the level of phosphorus in your blood. Phosphorus is an inherent component of all living cells in the system and most, 85 percent, is located in the tissues of bones and teeth, while the remaining 15 percent is part of the blood and other soft tissues. Your body obtains its daily phosphorus requirements through dietary sources and under normal conditions, once the necessary amounts of phosphorus are absorbed by the cells and tissues, the remaining is eliminated via the urine.

Besides consuming a wholesome diet enriched with sufficient amounts of phosphorus, it is also important to ensure ample intake of calcium and vitamin D, to maintain overall health.

The Lipid Profile assesses the level of specific fat molecules called lipids in the blood and helps determine the risk of heart ailments. This profile determines the amount of different types of lipids, including total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides. Lipids play a pivotal role in the functioning of the body. They are crucial components of the cell membranes and hormones, provide cushioning, and are a storehouse of energy. Any alterations in the lipid levels may lead to potential heart ailments, making their monitoring crucial.

This further contains

• Total Cholesterol/HDL Cholesterol Ratio
• Very Low Density Lipoprotein
• Cholesterol - HDL
• Cholesterol - Total
• Triglycerides
• Cholesterol - LDL
• Non HDL Cholesterol
• LDL/HDL Ratio

The Rheumatoid Factor - Quantitative test detects and measures the concentration of rheumatoid factor (RF), an antibody produced by the immune system, in your blood. Increased levels of rheumatoid factor can be detected in the blood in certain autoimmune conditions, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. However, an RF test is not very specific as a rheumatoid factor can also be found in the body in diseases other than RA, such as Sjögren’s syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). RF may also be produced in the body during persistent bacterial and viral infections. Hence, clinical evaluation and other diagnostic tests are crucial for a comprehensive assessment and accurate diagnosis.

The Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy) test measures the levels of vitamin D in the body. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that can be synthesized in the body upon healthy exposure to sunlight or absorbed from dietary sources. It majorly exists in two forms: vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol). Vitamin D2 is present in plants, such as yeast or mushrooms, and is available as a supplement in fortified foods, and vitamin D3 is found in foods like cheese, green vegetables, mushrooms, egg yolks, and fatty fish.

Vitamin D is available in two key forms: D2 (present in plants like mushrooms and in some fortified foods) and D3 (present in foods like cheese, green vegetables, egg yolks, mushrooms, and fatty fish).

Both forms of vitamin D need to be converted in the liver and kidneys before the body can use them effectively. This test shows the total level of vitamin D (D2 + D3) circulating in the body and guides your doctor in recommending the right treatment or lifestyle changes if needed.

The Blood Group ABO & Rh Factor determines your blood type and Rh factor. Healthcare providers can ensure compatibility and prevent adverse reactions during medical interventions by identifying an individual's blood type and Rh factor. This test is essential for various medical procedures, including blood transfusions, organ transplants, and prenatal care.

The Peripheral Smear Examination test is performed to check the characteristics of blood cells including:

1. Red blood cells (RBCs)
2. White blood cells (WBCs)
3. Platelets

By placing the blood sample on a specifically treated slide, these blood components are analyzed under a microscope for their shape, size, and number. Any irregularity in these cells indicates blood disorders or abnormality, the presence of parasites in the blood, etc. This test is also a beneficial tool in monitoring a blood disease or deciding whether a certain medication or therapy is working effectively or not.

The Urine R/M (Urine Routine & Microscopy) test involves gross, chemical, and microscopic evaluation of the urine sample.

1. Gross examination: It involves visually inspecting the urine sample for color and appearance. Typically, the urine color ranges from colorless or pale yellow to deep amber, depending on the urine’s concentration. Things such as medications, supplements, and some foods such as beetroot can affect the color of your urine. However, unusual urine color can also be a sign of disease.

   In appearance, the urine sample may be clear or cloudy. A clear appearance is indicative of healthy urine. However, the presence of red blood cells, white blood cells, bacteria, etc., may result in cloudy urine, indicating conditions such as dehydration, UTIs, kidney stones, etc. Some other factors, such as sperm and skin cells, may also result in a cloudy appearance but are harmless.

2. Chemical examination: It examines the chemical nature of the urine sample using special test strips called dipsticks. These test strips are dipped into the urine sample and change color when they come in contact with specific substances. The degree of color change estimates the amount of the substance present. Some common things detected include protein, urine pH, ketones, glucose, specific gravity, blood, bilirubin, nitrites, and urobilinogen.

3. Microscopic examination: This involves the analysis of the urine sample under the microscope for pus cells, red blood cells, casts, crystals, bacteria, yeast and other constituents.

This further contains

• Casts
• Urobilinogen
• Ketone
• Nitrite
• Colour
• Appearance
• Specific Gravity
• Epithelial Cell
• Crystals
• Protein Urine
• Ph for Urine
• Urine Glucose
• Yeast
• Pus Cell
• Red Blood Cells
• Leucocyte Esterase
• Blood
• Bacteria
• Bilirubin

The LFT (Liver Function Test) helps determine the health of the liver by measuring various key markers in the blood such as bilirubin, enzymes, and proteins. These components help detect inflammation, infection, diseases, etc., of the liver and monitor the damage due to liver-related issues.

This further contains

• Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
• SGPT (Alanine Transaminase)
• Gamma Glutamyl Transferase
• Protein Total, Serum
• Bilirubin (Total, Direct and Indirect)
• SGOT (Aspartate Aminotransferase)

The Thyroid Profile Total (T3, T4 & TSH) measures the levels of triiodothyronine hormone (T3) total, thyroxine hormone (T4) total, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood. Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and TSH work in opposite ways. When T3 and T4 levels go up, TSH levels usually go down, and when T3 and T4 go down, TSH goes up. This happens due to the pituitary-thyroid feedback mechanism:

In hypothyroidism (low levels of T3 and T4), the pituitary gland responds by increasing TSH secretion to stimulate the thyroid gland.

In hyperthyroidism (elevated T3 and T4 levels), TSH secretion is suppressed to decrease thyroid activity.

This further contains

• Triiodothyronine - Total (T3)
• TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) Ultrasensitive
• Thyroxine - Total (T4)

The KFT with Electrolytes (Kidney Function Test with Electrolytes) test determines the health of your kidneys. It evaluates parameters such as creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride), blood urea and BUN/ creatinine ratio. This test also helps diagnose possible kidney disorders like inflammation, infection, or functional damage.

This further contains

• Chloride
• Potassium
• BUN/Creatinine Ratio
• Blood Urea
• Serum Creatinine
• Sodium
• Blood Urea Nitrogen
• Uric Acid

The Serum Iron Studies Comprehensive package measures the level of iron in the body. It comprises a series of blood tests, including serum iron test that helps to evaluate iron level, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) test that helps to assess the ability of the body to transport iron in the blood, unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) test that reflects binding of iron with transferrin, which is the main protein that binds with iron, transferrin saturation test that checks how many places on the transferrin that can hold iron are doing so, and ferritin test that detects ferritin protein in the blood and helps determine how much iron is stored in your body.

This further contains

• Total Iron Binding Capacity
• Iron, Serum
• Transferrin Saturation
• Serum Ferritin
• Unsaturated Iron Binding Capacity

The Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) test detects the presence of a specific protein on the surface of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the bloodstream. This protein, HBsAg, serves as a crucial marker for identifying HBV infection. This is a screening test and the diagnosis of any reactive HBsAg result relies on additional supplemental tests like anti-HBs antibody and total anti-HBc antibodies. Confirmation can be done using nucleic acid tests like HBV DNA by PCR. The Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) test is essential for identifying individuals who require medical intervention, such as antiviral therapy, and for implementing measures to prevent the spread of Hepatitis B virus to others. 

The Genital PAP Smear test measures the presence of abnormal cells in the cervix by examining a sample of cervical cells under a microscope. This test is primarily used to detect precancerous changes or early signs of cervical cancer. The collected cells are analyzed to identify any deviations from normal cell structures, which could indicate potential issues such as dysplasia or malignancy. By assessing these cellular abnormalities, the Pap Smear helps in early diagnosis and facilitates timely intervention, enabling effective treatment and prevention of cervical cancer.

The Ultrasound Whole Abdomen scan examines for size, shape, and motion of your stomach organs. It is able to demonstrate issues such as stones, cysts, or tumors. It is also useful in finding swelling, infection, or fluid accumulation in the belly (abdominal) area. The scan indicates whether any blood vessels in the belly are blocked or dilated. In addition, it allows physicians/doctors to check how well blood is circulating through your organs, which enables them to diagnose conditions such as liver disease, kidney issues, or other abdominal conditions.

The USG whole abdomen scan is accomplished with a specialized machine that contains a small handheld tool called a transducer. Prior to conducting the scan, the doctor or technician will put a special gel on your abdomen. This gel smooths the passage of the sound waves into your body and enhances the clarity of the images. This transducer is then placed on your abdomen. It transmits sound waves into your body, and when they reflect back, the machine converts them into images of the organs. Doctor uses these images to determine what is happening inside and to arrange for any treatment you should have.

The Electrocardiography at Center test is a diagnostic tool used to measure the electrical activity of the heart. This test provides a detailed recording of the heart's electrical impulses, which are crucial for its rhythm and function. By capturing the heart's electrical signals, the ECG test can identify various conditions affecting heart health, such as arrhythmias, heart attacks, and other cardiac abnormalities.

The ECG machine consists of a series of electrodes attached to the skin at specific locations on the chest, arms, and legs. These electrodes sense the electrical impulses produced by the heart as it beats. The impulses are then transmitted to the ECG machine, which records them as a waveform on a computer or paper printout. This waveform represents the heart's electrical activity over time, allowing for the analysis of the heart's rhythm, rate, and electrical conduction.

Doctors examine the ECG trace to diagnose heart conditions and determine appropriate treatments. By evaluating the size and timing of each electrical impulse, doctors can detect issues such as irregular heartbeats, heart muscle damage, and other cardiovascular problems.