HbA1c (Glycosylated Hemoglobin)

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects the body's processing of blood sugar, thereby increasing blood sugar levels. Some  individuals might not ever experience signs and symptoms of this condition, while the common signs and symptoms will include the following:

• Being thirsty often

• Urination in excess

• Blurring of vision

• Weakness

• Slow healing of wounds, etc.

Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen into various parts of the body. When glucose (sugar) molecules in the bloodstream attach to hemoglobin, a process called glycation takes place, which essentially forms glycosylated hemoglobin, or HbA1c.

An HbA1c (Glycosylated Hemoglobin) test gives an overall picture of your long-term blood sugar control. Thus, it is an important test for screening and diagnosing prediabetes and diabetes. Once an individual is diagnosed, it helps in monitoring the control of the disease, so that they can undergo timely interventions to prevent or delay the onset of complications such as nerve damage, kidney disease, and vision problems.

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends keeping HbA1c levels below 7% to prevent the development of complications. Different goals may be set for specific individuals depending on age, duration of diabetes, and any other medical conditions present.

No special preparations are required for this test. Eat and drink as per your routine. However, inform your doctor about all the current medications or any underlying health conditions to ensure accurate interpretation of your test results.

Test result ranges may vary across the laboratories depending on the methodology and laboratory guidelines. Do not self-medicate; always consult your doctor to understand your test results correctly.

Lifestyle Tips to Manage Your HbA1c Levels: 

🥤Hydration: Stay hydrated! Drinking enough water supports overall health and helps maintain stable blood sugar levels. 

🍲Eat (Diet): Focus on a balanced diet rich in fiber, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Include whole grains, vegetables, nuts, and seeds to help manage blood sugar.

🧘Activity (Exercise): Regular physical activity like walking, cycling, or strength training can improve insulin sensitivity and glucose control.

😴Lifestyle (Sleep): Prioritize quality sleep, as poor sleep can affect blood sugar levels and insulin response

👩‍⚕️Talk to Your Doctor (Consult): Regularly consult your doctor to understand your HbA1c results and adjust your diabetes management plan if needed

💊Habits (Supplements): Consider supplements like magnesium, chromium, etc. (if your doctor advises) to support healthy blood sugar levels. 

Relation Between HbA1c Test and Different Types of Diabetes: