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Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM

Also referred as

APL Antibody IgM

IgM antiphospholipid antibody test

APL IgM

For men & women

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The Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test measures the levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in the blood. These antibodies are formed when the immune system mistakenly targets and attacks phospholipids (the essential component of cell membranes). Once formed, these antibodies can bind to phospholipids and other proteins, leading to the development of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which increases the likelihood of abnormal blood clotting, recurrent miscarriages, and other complications.

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Understanding Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM

The Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test measures specific IgM antibodies that are associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Identifying these antibodies is crucial for diagnosing APS, especially in cases where symptoms are unusual or accompanied by other autoimmune diseases.

The Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test identifies and quantifies IgM antibodies targeted against phospholipids. This test is important for diagnosing antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which can increase the risk of blood clots. This test is especially important for determining the cause of blood clots, low platelet counts, repeated miscarriages, early births, and high blood pressure during pregnancy (preeclampsia).

This test is often recommended for people who have had unexplained blood clots, multiple miscarriages, or other signs linked to APS, like strokes or repeated pregnancy losses. This test can help distinguish between primary APS (which happens on its own) and secondary APS (which occurs alongside another condition). It can also be used to monitor disease activity and see how well treatments are working in people with APS or other autoimmune diseases like lupus (SLE). Doctors may recommend this test for people with a history of blood clots or pregnancy complications to assess the risk of future clots and guide treatment, such as the use of blood thinners. Additionally, the test can help diagnose APS early, as the presence of IgM antibodies might show an ongoing or recent immune response.

For this test, a duly filled coagulation requisition form (Annexure - CR/05) is mandatory for sample collection. This form can be provided by the laboratory personnel (phlebotomist) before sample withdrawal. It is also recommended to discontinue heparin for a day and oral anticoagulants for 7 days before sample collection, or as advised by the doctor.

Lab test results may vary across different laboratories. Abnormal test results require an expert interpretation. Therefore, never try to self-medicate at home based solely on these results. Always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results. The insights from this test help the doctor tailor an appropriate treatment plan.

What does Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM measure?

The Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test measures the levels of the immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies that bind to phospholipids, essential components of cell membranes. High levels of these antibodies can undoubtedly indicate autoimmune disorders like antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), which increase the risk of thrombotic events and pregnancy complications.Therefore, this test plays a key role in diagnosing APS and assessing the risk of future blood clots.

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FAQs related to Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM

Why should I get the Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test done?

This test is performed to diagnose autoimmune diseases such as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to determine the causes of unusual blood clots, recurrent miscarriages, or complications during pregnancy like preeclampsia.

Does the Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test pose any risk?

No, the Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM is generally safe with minimal risks. However, you may feel slight discomfort during blood sample collection, but chances of serious complications are extremely rare.

Do I need to fast before the Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test?

No, fasting is not required before the Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test. You can eat and drink normally.

How is the Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test performed?

A phlebotomist (a trained professional to perform blood draws) will clean your skin using an antiseptic alcohol cotton swab or wipe and take blood samples from your vein using a needle. The blood sample will be stored safely and transported to the laboratory for analysis.

What do the results mean?

High levels of anti phospholipid antibody IgM would indicate the presence of autoimmune conditions such as APS and increased risk of clotting events. Absence or low levels don't necessarily indicate a health problem but may reflect the absence of autoimmune activity.

Can I undergo the test during pregnancy?

Yes, this test can be conducted even during pregnancy, especially if there is a history of recurrent miscarriages or complications like preeclampsia. However, always take the doctor's guidance specific to your situation.

How often should this test be done?

The frequency of testing depends on the individual’s medical history and the doctor's recommendations. It may be needed at regular intervals to monitor patients with a history of APS.

What other tests can be ordered with the Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test?

Additional tests that may be ordered alongside the Anti Phospholipid Antibody IgM test include: Phospholipid Antibodies Panel IgG & IgM; C-reactive protein (CRP) test; Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) test; Complete Blood Count (CBC) test; Coagulation tests; Protein Electrophoresis and sometimes a biopsy.

How does Tata 1mg ensure accurate lab test results?

Tata 1mg ensures accurate lab test results through certified laboratories that use advanced technology and adhere to stringent quality control measures. This commitment to high standards guarantees reliable results.

Content created by

Dr. Swati Gupta (Anand)

MBBS, MD Lab Medicine

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Last Updated

6th Oct 2025