Influenza A
Understanding Influenza A
What is Influenza A?
An Influenza A test is used to detect the genetic material of the influenza A virus in respiratory specimens, such as nasal or throat swabs. This test is commonly used during flu seasons or in outbreak situations to confirm influenza infections in individuals with flu-like symptoms like fever, cough, etc.
Influenza, also known as viral flu, is known for causing seasonal flu outbreaks and respiratory illnesses of varying severity. Influenza A viruses can cause mild to severe illness and can lead to complications, especially in vulnerable populations such as young children, older adults, pregnant women, and individuals with underlying health conditions like diabetes, heart disease, or chronic kidney disease (CKD), etc. This test is a thoughtful approach to identifying influenza A viruses quickly and accurately, aiding in the diagnosis and management of influenza infections.
Testing of influenza A can be useful for individuals presenting with symptoms consistent with flu such as fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, body aches, and fatigue. The signs and symptoms of influenza vary by age, underlying health conditions, and immune function. However, the time from when a person is exposed and infected with flu to when symptoms begin is about two days but can range from about one to four days. Therefore to maximize the chances of detecting influenza A viruses, get tested as soon as the symptoms appear. This test also helps confirm whether the symptoms are due to influenza A virus infection or any other respiratory illness. This accuracy is particularly important to doctors in formulating an effective treatment plan. Additionally, this test may also be useful for individuals with a recent history of travel especially during global outbreaks or pandemics, to screen for influenza A virus infection.
No special preparations are required to get tested with Influenza A. Lab test results may vary across different laboratories. Abnormal test results require an expert interpretation, therefore, never try to self-medicate at home based solely on these results, and always consult a doctor for a proper understanding of the test results. To minimize the transmission of infection, consider proactive measures such as getting yearly flu vaccine shots, wearing masks, avoiding exposure to individuals infected with the flu virus, maintaining good personal hygiene, and including vitamin-C-rich foods in your diet to boost immunity.
What is Influenza A used for?
An Influenza A is done:
- When you experience symptoms such as fever, chills, sore throat, runny nose, body ache, or cough suggestive of viral infection.
- To help diagnose respiratory infections caused by influenza A viruses.
- To help doctors determine the cause of the clinical symptoms and differentiate between the influenza A infection and other viral infections.
- In individuals who have been in close contact with someone infected with influenza A, especially if they develop symptoms.
- In individuals who have traveled to areas with high influenza activity.
- To monitor treatment response against influenza A viral infections.
What does Influenza A measure?
Influenza A checks for the presence of Influenza A virus and confirms the infection. Influenza A virus can infect both animals and humans and is responsible for most seasonal flu outbreaks. These viruses are further classified based on two proteins on their surface, called hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). There are 18 different H subtypes and 11 different N subtypes, which can combine in different ways to create new strains of the virus.
Other tests
