Differential Neutrophil Count
Understanding Differential Neutrophil Count
What is Differential Neutrophil Count?
A Differential Neutrophil Count test measures the percentage of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell (WBC), in the blood. This test helps identify conditions that may affect WBC count, such as infections, inflammations, bone marrow disorders, etc., and monitor their treatments. It is often used as part of a complete blood count test that also measures other types of blood cells.
Neutrophils are the most abundant WBCs. These cells are the key indicator of an individual’s immune system function, as they are responsible for attacking and destroying bacteria and other harmful substances. They are the first cells to arrive at the site of an infection.
A Differential Neutrophil Count test is often used in conjunction with other blood tests to diagnose a variety of conditions, such as infections, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, and certain types of cancer. At times, this test can also be used to monitor the progress of certain treatments or therapies. A low neutrophil count, also known as neutropenia, may indicate an increased risk of infections. Whereas, a high neutrophil count, also known as neutrophilia, may indicate inflammation, stress, or bacterial infection. No special preparation is required before undergoing this test; eat or drink as per your daily routine.
Test result ranges are approximate and may differ slightly between different labs depending on the methodology and laboratory guidelines. Talk to your doctor about your specific test results. The results will help them determine your medical condition and formulate an overall treatment plan.
What is Differential Neutrophil Count used for?
A Differential Neutrophil Count test can be done:
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As part of a complete blood count test to monitor your overall health.
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If you have symptoms suggestive of an acute infection, like fever, chills, body aches, infection, headache.
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To detect allergies and inflammation.
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To detect conditions such as neutrophilia, neutropenia, bone marrow disorders, autoimmune disorders, certain types of leukemia, etc.
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To monitor the progress of treatments that can affect the levels of WBCs, including neutrophils, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
What does Differential Neutrophil Count measure?
A Differential Neutrophil Count test measures the total percentage of neutrophils in the blood. This test helps your doctor determine the underlying cause of symptoms like fever, inflammation, or infection by identifying the type of infection, i.e., bacterial or viral.
Answers to Patient Concerns & Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Differential Neutrophil Count
Frequently Asked Questions about Differential Neutrophil Count
Q. Which conditions can a differential neutrophil count test detect?
Q. What do you mean by neutrophilia and neutropenia?
Q. How is a DNC test done?
Q. Is there any risk associated with a differential neutrophil count test?
References
- Moore DC. Drug-Induced Neutropenia: A Focus on Rituximab-Induced Late-Onset Neutropenia. PT. 2016 Dec;41:765-768. [Accessed 03 Feb. 2023]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5132417/
- Neutropenia [Internet]. Texas: The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center; [Accessed 03 Feb. 2023]. Available from: https://www.mdanderson.org/patients-family/diagnosis-treatment/emotional-physical-effects/neutropenia.html
- Lokwani DP. The ABC of CBC: Interpretation of Complete Blood Count & Histograms. 1st ed. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2013.
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