Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to a complete lack of insulin. The pancreas plays a vital role in regulating blood sugar by producing insulin, a hormone that helps cells absorb glucose for energy or storage. 

Symptoms include frequent urination, excessive thirst, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and blurred vision. It primarily affects children, teens, or young adults, and risk factors include family history, genetic predisposition, and certain environmental triggers.

Managing type 1 diabetes involves daily insulin therapy, monitoring blood sugar, and maintaining a balanced diet with consistent exercise. Education about carbohydrate counting and adjustments in insulin doses based on activity and meals is crucial for effective management.