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Wheat germ

Wheat germ is a part of the wheat kernel and the main byproduct of wheat flour milling. It has been used in animal fodder for a long time. However, due to its high nutritional value, its potential to be used for healthcare purposes is gaining attention. It can be added to smoothies, cereals, yogurt, ice cream, and various food items.
Wheat germ oil is rich in Vitamin B, A and D which are easily absorbed through the scalp and help in the repair of dull, damaged hair and promotes hair growth. It is also beneficial for the skin as it protects the skin from damage caused by free radicals and prevents skin aging due to its antioxidant properties.
Wheat germ helps to manage constipation because of its high fiber content. This makes it a healthy choice for weight loss. Consumption of wheat germ might help in improving heart health by lowering cholesterol levels and reducing lipid absorption by the intestines.
Wheat germ contains gluten which might cause allergies in people having gluten intolerance(celiac disease), so it is advisable for gluten intolerant individuals to avoid or consult a physician before using wheat germ or other wheat products[1][2][8][35-38].

What are the synonyms of Wheat germ?

Triticum aestivum[5].

What is the source of Wheat germ?

Plant Based

Benefits of Wheat germ

What are the benefits of Wheat germ for Sunburn?

MODERN SCIENCE VIEW
Wheat germ might be beneficial in preventing sunburns. It contains certain constituents (polyphenols) that absorbs solar radiation and protect skin from harmful ultraviolet rays. Wheat germ oil is also rich in Vitamin E which has antioxidant properties. This helps to nourish and retain moisture in the skin[25][26].
AYURVEDIC VIEW
In Ayurveda, burns and inflammation represent imbalances in the Pitta dosha. Sun burns represent redness, inflammation or blisters with excess burning sensation and itching due to an imbalance of Pitta at skin level. Wheat germ oil helps manage sunburn due to its Pitta balancing and Sita (cold) properties. This helps reduce the symptoms and provide a cooling effect to the affected area.
Tips for using Wheat germ on sunburn
1. Take a few drops of Wheat germ oil (or as per your requirement).
2. Apply it on the affected area once a day for quick healing of sunburn.

How effective is Wheat germ?

Insufficient evidence
Sunburn

Precautions when using Wheat germ

Advice from Experts
MODERN SCIENCE VIEW
It is advisable to avoid the use of Wheat germ oil if you are sensitive to gluten or wheat as it might cause allergic reactions like contact urticaria[6].

Frequently asked questions

Q. Can you eat Wheat germ?

MODERN SCIENCE VIEW
Yes, we can eat Wheat germ. It can be added to various food items like smoothies, cereals, yogurt, ice creams, etc.

Q. Which is better for health: Wheat germ or flaxseed?

AYURVEDIC VIEW
Wheat germ and flaxseed both have excellent health-benefiting effects on the body. As per Ayurveda, wheat has Sita (Cold) and Rechana (laxative) properties that help to correct constipation, whereas flax seeds are Ushna (hot) in nature which helps to improve digestive fire and reduce the symptoms of indigestion.

Q. Is Wheat germ prebiotic?

MODERN SCIENCE VIEW
Wheat germ is a food by-product. It is high in nutritional value and is an excellent source of minerals, vitamins, fiber, and essential fatty acids. A study was done on the prebiotic effects of a wheat germ preparation in healthy human subjects which suggested that certain products made from Wheat germ possess a prebiotic effect and may have the potential to improve health[43].

Q. Does wheat germ need to be refrigerated?

MODERN SCIENCE VIEW
Wheat germ needs to be stored properly as the presence of unsaturated fat can cause it to smell foul quickly. Wheat germ should be stored in an air-tight container in your refrigerator or freezer, once the jar is opened

Q. Can I substitute Wheat germ for flour?

AYURVEDIC VIEW
Wheat germ can act as a substitute in some food preparation. However, do not go overboard or remove the main ingredient (flour) completely as Wheat germ is slightly strong in flavor and slightly rough in texture. You can replace 1 cup of wheat flour with ⅓ red cup of Wheat germ to be on a safer side. While baking cookies, muffins, and bread, you can use wheat germ to replace up to 1/2 cup of flour.
References
  1. Ghafoor K, Özcan MM, AL-Juhaimi F, et al. Nutritional Composition, Extraction and Utilization of Wheat Germ Oil: A Review. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology.2017;118(1600160):1-9.
  2. Mahmoud AA, Mohdaly AAA, Elneairy NAA.Wheat Germ: An Overview on Nutritional Value, Antioxidant Potential and Antibacterial Characteristics.Food and Nutrition Sciences.2015;6:265-277.
  3. Kumar GS, Krishna AG. Studies on the nutraceuticals composition of wheat derived oils wheat bran oil and wheat germ oil. J Food Sci Technol. 2015;52(2):1145-51.
  4. Rosário AM, Pinheiro H, Calhau C, et al. Can wheat germ have a beneficial effect on human health? A study protocol for a randomised crossover controlled trial to evaluate its health effects. BMJ open, 6(11), e013098. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013098.
  5. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-1500/fermented-wheat-germ-extract
  6. Scherf K & Koehler P, Wieser H. Gluten and Wheat Sensitivities – an Overview. Journal of Cereal Science.2015;67doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2015.07.008.
  7. Abdou HM, Mohamed NA, Mekkawy DAE, et al. Vitamin E and/or Wheat Germ Oil Supplementation Ameliorate Oxidative Stress Induced by Cadmium Chloride in Pregnant Rats and Their Fetuses.Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences.2017;10(1):39-48.
  8. Heimbach JT, Sebestyen G, Semjen G et al. (2007). Safety Studies Regarding a Standardized Extract of Fermented Wheat Germ. Int J Toxicol.;26(3):253–259.
  9. Demidov LV, Manziuk LV, Kharkevitch GY et al. Adjuvant fermented wheat germ extract (Avemar) nutraceutical improves survival of high-risk skin melanoma patients: a randomized, pilot, phase II clinical study with a 7-year follow-up. Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2008 Aug;23(4):477-82.
  10. Zalatnai A, Lapis K, Szende B et al. Wheat germ extract inhibits experimental colon carcinogenesis in F-344 rats.Carcinogenesis. 2001 Oct;22(10):1649-52.
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  12. Bálint G, Apáthy A, Gaál M et al. Effect of Avemar--a fermented wheat germ extract--on rheumatoid arthritis. Preliminary data.Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2006 May-Jun;24(3):325-8.
  13. Telekes A, Resetar A, Balint G et al. Fermented wheat germ extract (avemar) inhibits adjuvant arthritis.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 Sep;1110:348-61.
  14. Ehrenfeld M, Blank M, Shoenfeld Y et al. AVEMAR (a new benzoquinone-containing natural product) administration interferes with the Th2 response in experimental SLE and promotes amelioration of the disease. Lupus. 2001;10(9):622-627.
  15. Iyer A , Brown L (2009). Fermented Wheat Germ Extract (Avemar) in the Treatment of Cardiac Remodeling and Metabolic Symptoms in Rats. eCAM. 2011. 508957. 10.1093/ecam/nep090.
  16. Cara L, Armand M, Borel P et al. Long-term wheat germ intake beneficially affects plasma lipids and lipoproteins in hypercholesterolemic human subjects. J Nutr. 1992 Feb;122(2):317-26.
  17. Dobbyn S. The Fertility Diet: How to Maximize Your Chances of Having a Baby at Any Age. 2012.
  18. Ostlund RE, Racette SB, Stenson WF. Inhibition of cholesterol absorption by phytosterol-replete wheat germ compared with phytosterol-depleted wheat germ. AM J CLIN NUTR.7(6); 2003: 1385–1389.
  19. Borei P, Lairon D, Senft M et al. Wheat bran and wheat germ: effect on the digestion and intestinal absorption of dietary lipids in the rat. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1989; 49: 1191-1202
  20. S Haripriya , S Premakumari. Beta Sistosterol of Wheat Germ Reduces Blood Glucose in Humans. Journal of Life Sciences. 2010: 2(2): 87-92.
  21. Ojo B, Simenson AJ, O’Hara C et al. Wheat germ supplementation alleviates insulin resistance and cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in an animal model of diet-induced obesity. British Journal of Nutrition. Cambridge University Press; 2017;118(4):241–249.
  22. Kerns JC, Arundel C, Chawla LS. Thiamin Deficiency in People with Obesity. ADV NUTR. 2015;6(2):147–153.
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  36. Barve K, Dighe A. The Chemistry and Applications of Sustainable Natural Hair Products. 2016.
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  38. Garami M, Schuler D, Babosa M, et al.Fermented wheat germ extract reduces chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in pediatric cancer patients.J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2004;26(10):631-635.
  39. Otto C, Hahlbrock T, Eich K, et al. Antiproliferative and antimetabolic effects behind the anticancer property of fermented wheat germ extract.BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016;16:160.
  40. Patel S. Fermented wheat germ extract: a dietary supplement with anticancer efficacy.Nutritional Therapy and Metabolism.2014; 32(2):61-67.
  41. Judson PL, Al Sawah ED, Marchion DC, et al.Characterizing the efficacy of fermented wheat germ extract against ovarian cancer and defining the genomic basis of its activity.Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2012;22(6):960–967.
  42. Ojo BA, O'Hara C, Wu L, El-Rassi GD, et al. Wheat Germ Supplementation Increases Lactobacillaceae and Promotes an Anti-inflammatory Gut Milieu in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Fat, High-Sucrose Diet. The Journal of Nutrition, Volume 149, Issue 7, July 2019, Pages 1107–1115.
  43. Matteuzzi D, Swennen EF, Rossi M, Hartman T, Lebet V. Prebiotic effects of a wheat germ preparation in human healthy subjects. Food Microbiol. 2004. 21(1):119-124.
Disclaimer
The content is purely informative and educational in nature and should not be construed as medical advice. Please use the content only in consultation with an appropriate certified medical or healthcare professional.
Author Details
Deepa Sarkar
M.Pharm, B.Pharm
Dr. Deepak Soni
BAMS
Dr. Rajeev Sharma
MBA, MBBS
Last updated 29 Aug 2022 | 04:38 PM (IST)
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Introduction
Benefits
Precautions
FAQs
References