An ear infection, medically known as otitis media, is a common condition in which the middle ear, the space behind the eardrum, becomes inflamed due to a bacterial or viral infection. It often occurs when fluid builds up behind the eardrum, especially after a cold, throat infection, or allergy.
Ear pain, a feeling of fullness, hearing loss, fluid drainage, irritability (especially in children), and fever are some of the common symptoms. Young children may tug at their ears or have trouble sleeping. It is common in children aged 6 months to 2 years; other risk factors can be bottle-feeding, exposure to cigarette smoke, seasonal allergies, and attending daycare.
Treatment depends on the cause and severity. Mild infections may clear on their own, while others may need antibiotics. Pain relievers and warm compresses can ease discomfort. In cases of recurrent or chronic ear infections, ear tubes may be recommended to improve fluid drainage.
