Abnormal uterine bleeding

Definition

Abnormal vaginal bleeding, also called as uterine bleeding, is different from normal menstrual periods.

Causes and Risk Factors

Common causes are:

1. Uterine fibroids or polyps

2. Hormone problems
3. Thyroid problems

4. Hormone pills, such as birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy (menopausal hormone therapy)

5. Cancer of the cervix, ovaries, uterus, or vagina

6. During pregnancy, abnormal bleeding may occur due to several different causes

Investigations

You may be recommended to get physical tests done. These include:

1. Pelvic examination

2. Blood tests

3. Imaging tests

Treatment

Treatment includes:

1. Treating the cause of bleeding
2. Administration of hormones such as estrogen, progestins, and desmopressin

3. Surgery is recommended for those patients, for whom medications may fail. Surgical treatment includes,

(a) Hysterectomy

(b) Endometrial ablation

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