Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the lining of the uterus (womb), called the endometrium. It happens when cells in this lining begin to grow abnormally and form a tumor. The exact cause isn’t always clear, but it often develops when there is an imbalance between estrogen and progesterone hormones, leading to excessive growth of the uterine lining.
Abnormal vaginal bleeding (especially after menopause), spotting, pelvic pain, or unusual discharge are some of the common symptoms. Factors like obesity, diabetes, never having been pregnant, starting periods early, late menopause, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and family history of certain cancers can increase the risk of endometrial cancer.
Most cases are detected early because abnormal bleeding is noticed quickly. The prognosis is generally good if the condition is diagnosed early. Treatment may include surgery (removal of the uterus), radiation, hormone therapy, or chemotherapy, depending on the stage.
