PCOS Panel (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Panel) in Gurgaon
Understanding PCOS Panel (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Panel) in Gurgaon
What is PCOS Panel (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Panel) in Gurgaon?
A PCOS Panel (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Panel) comprises a group of blood tests designed to assess various hormones and metabolic markers associated with Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age group. It is characterized by irregular periods, cystic ovaries, acne, hirsutism, etc. Available at an affordable price with Tata 1mg labs in Gurgaon, this panel includes a combination of hormonal tests including luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone total, prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) along with markers of insulin resistance such as fasting blood sugar tests and insulin test. Altogether, these tests are vital in the diagnosis, management, and monitoring of PCOS, allowing doctors to provide appropriate interventions to improve symptoms and reduce the risk of complications associated with the condition. Overnight fasting (8-12 hours) is required before going for a PCOS panel. However, drinking water is acceptable.
What does PCOS Panel (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Panel) measure?
Contains 8 testsA PCOS Panel (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Panel) helps evaluate hormonal and metabolic abnormalities associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It assesses hormonal markers such as LH, FSH, TSH, testosterone and prolactin. It also measures insulin sensitivity, and glucose metabolism all of which together aid in diagnosis, severity assessment, and treatment planning for women with PCOS. Additionally, this panel helps monitor treatment response in women already undergoing treatment for this disease.
Luteinising Hormone
The Luteinising Hormone test determines the level of luteinizing hormone that promotes the functioning of the gonads, i.e., testes in men and ovaries in women. LH is produced by the pituitary gland, a pea-sized gland situated at the base of the brain. The production and release of LH are controlled by a system known as the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. A hormone called GnRH is released from the hypothalamus of the brain and binds to the cell receptors in the anterior pituitary gland, which in turn prompts the synthesis and release of luteinizing hormone. LH then travels across the blood and attaches to its target cells in the testes in men and ovaries in women to facilitate optimal sexual and reproductive activities.
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Follicle Stimulating Hormone
The Follicle Stimulating Hormone test measures the level of FSH in your body. FSH is produced and subsequently released into the blood by the pituitary gland. Its production is controlled by a feedback mechanism involving a hormone situated in the hypothalamus in the brain. The released FSH travels through your blood and then attaches to receptors in the ovaries and testes. It exerts functional effects on the reproductive organs, such as sexual development, puberty, and maturation. FSH levels vary throughout the menstrual cycle in response to estradiol and progesterone. Any disruption or issue in this feedback mechanism can prevent the normal function of the testicles or ovaries. Thus, determining its level provides crucial information regarding your health.
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Insulin Fasting
An Insulin Fasting test evaluates the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels by measuring the amount of insulin in the blood after an overnight fast. Glucose is a source of energy for the body to perform daily activities. Your body gets glucose from carbohydrates that are consumed in the diet. These carbohydrates are digested and converted into simple sugar (glucose). The cells then absorb the required amount of glucose to produce energy, and the remaining amount is stored in other forms, like fats. Insulin hormone helps the cells to uptake glucose from the blood for utilization and storage. Thus, it is necessary to maintain insulin levels in your body.
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Testosterone Total
The Testosterone Total test measures the level of testosterone hormone in the blood. Testosterone is a steroid hormone primarily produced in the testes in men, although it is also present in smaller quantities in the adrenal glands. In women, it is made in small amounts by the ovaries. It is predominantly associated with male physiology and significantly influences physiological functions in both men and women.
The pituitary gland produces luteinizing hormone (LH), which regulates testosterone production. As testosterone levels rise, LH production decreases, slowing down testosterone production. Conversely, when testosterone levels fall, LH production increases, stimulating testosterone production.
Most of the testosterone circulating in the blood gets attached to two proteins, albumin and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and some of it remains unattached, called free testosterone. Free testosterone and albumin-bound testosterone are also known as bioavailable testosterone, as they are readily available for the body to use for proper functioning.
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LH FSH Ratio
An LH FSH Ratio test helps assess the reproductive health in men and women by comparing the levels of FSH and LH in your blood. The production of FSH and LH is controlled by a feedback mechanism involving gonadotropin-releasing hormone situated in the hypothalamus in the brain. The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), stimulates your pituitary gland to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) as well as luteinizing hormone (LH). The released FSH and LH are transported to the reproductive organs through your blood where they bind to receptors in the testes or ovaries in males and females respectively. This is how FSH, along with LH, controls the reproductive function in both men and women.
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Serum Prolactin
The Serum Prolactin test measures the levels of prolactin hormone in a person’s body. During pregnancy, prolactin, estrogen, and progesterone hormones stimulate breast milk development. Following childbirth, prolactin helps initiate and maintain the breast milk supply. If a woman does not breastfeed, her prolactin concentration will soon drop back to pre-pregnancy levels.
Besides pregnancy, the most common cause of elevated prolactin concentration is prolactinoma, a prolactin-producing tumor of the pituitary gland. Prolactinomas are the most common type of pituitary tumor and are usually benign (non-cancerous). They develop more frequently in women but are also found in men.
If the pituitary gland and/or the tumor enlarge significantly, it can put pressure on the optic nerve, causing headaches and visual disturbances, and can interfere with the other hormones that the pituitary gland produces.
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FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar)
A fasting blood sugar test measures the glucose level in the body under overnight fasting conditions. Glucose serves as the body's energy currency and is broken down through metabolism to produce energy. Hormones and enzymes produced by the liver and pancreas control this process. The hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas, regulates blood glucose levels. When these levels are high, such as after a meal, insulin is secreted to transport glucose into cells for energy production. Elevated glucose levels in the body after fasting may indicate a risk of developing prediabetes or diabetes, which can be of two types- Type 1, caused by little or no insulin production, and Type 2, caused by insulin resistance or decreased insulin production.
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TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) Ultrasensitive
The TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) Ultrasensitive test measures the levels of TSH hormone in the blood. TSH is produced by the pituitary gland located in the brain. Its function is to stimulate and regulate the functioning of the thyroid gland. It signals the thyroid gland to increase or decrease the production of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 (essential for regulating our body’s metabolism, temperature, heart rate, and growth) when their levels are low or high, respectively. Therefore, when the levels of T3 & T4 decrease, the pituitary gland is stimulated to release TSH. This high TSH level, in turn, stimulates the thyroid gland to release more thyroid hormones (T3 & T4); the vice-versa happens when the levels of thyroid hormones increase.
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