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Immunoglobulin G

Also referred as

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) blood test

IgG

serum

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The Immunoglobulin G is a blood test that measures the level of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the body. It helps diagnose and monitor infections, immune system disorders, or autoimmune diseases.

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Understanding Immunoglobulin G

IgG are the most common type of antibodies in the blood that helps fight off infections primarily caused by microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, allergens etc.) and provides long-term immunity after exposure to an infection or vaccination. An Immunoglobulin G test can help detect illness, infection or chronic inflammation.

The Immunoglobulin G test, often done as part of an immunology panel, helps to assess immune health, monitor infections and guide treatment decisions for immunocompromised conditions. Abnormal IgG levels can indicate immunodeficiencies, chronic or recurrent infections, or autoimmune diseases, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body.

No special preparation is required for this test. Inform your doctor about all the medications or supplements that you are taking as these may affect the test results, potentially requiring adjustments or temporary discontinuation before the test. Additionally, narrate your complete medical history, especially history of allergy or vaccinations to your doctor to help them relate your clinical and laboratory findings.

Lab test results may vary across laboratories. Interpretation of the test results requires expert interpretation. Therefore, do not self-medicate and always consult a doctor to understand the implications of your test findings. The insights from an Immunoglobulin G test help doctors formulate your overall treatment plan.

What does Immunoglobulin G measure?

The Immunoglobulin G test measures the concentration of IgG antibodies present in the serum. These antibodies are produced by the immune system in response to specific pathogens or infections. Elevated levels of IgG can indicate recent or chronic infections, while lower levels may suggest an impaired immune response or deficiency. This test is crucial for assessing an individual’s immune status and provides valuable information for doctors to make informed clinical decisions regarding diagnosis, treatment strategies, and ongoing management of various health conditions.

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FAQs related to Immunoglobulin G

What is the purpose of the Immunoglobulin G test?

The Immunoglobulin G test measures the level of IgG antibodies in the blood to assess the immune response to infections or vaccinations. It helps diagnose whether an infection is currently active or if it is a past infection, as well as assessing the effectiveness of vaccinations.

Who should get the Immunoglobulin G test?

This test is recommended for individuals experiencing recurrent infections, those with autoimmune diseases, patients undergoing treatments that may affect their immune system, or anyone who needs to assess their immune response to vaccines.

How is the Immunoglobulin G test performed?

A phlebotomist (a trained professional to perform blood draws) will clean your skin using an antiseptic alcohol cotton swab or wipe and take blood samples from your vein using a needle. The blood sample will be stored safely and transported to the laboratory for analysis.

Do I need to fast before taking the Immunoglobulin G test?

No fasting is required for this test. You can schedule it at your convenience without avoiding food or water beforehand.

Is there any risk associated with the Immunoglobulin G test?

No, the Immunoglobulin G test is generally safe with minimal risks. However, you may feel slight discomfort during blood sample collection but chances of serious complications are extremely rare.

Can the Immunoglobulin G test diagnose specific diseases?

The Immunoglobulin G test itself does not diagnose specific diseases. However, it can provide important information about the state of your immune system and assist in diagnosing conditions like immunodeficiency disorders and autoimmune diseases.

How often should I get the Immunoglobulin G test?

The frequency of this test depends on your health condition and the recommendation of your doctor. If you have a chronic condition affecting the immune system, regular monitoring may be required.

What do the test results mean?

Elevated IgG levels may indicate a current or past infection, while low levels may suggest an impaired immune response. Your doctor will interpret the results in the context of your clinical symptoms and medical history.

Can the test determine immunity from vaccination?

Yes, the Immunoglobulin G test can help determine if your immune system has responded adequately to vaccines, indicating immunity against specific diseases.

What is the function of IgG in the immune system?

IgG helps protect the body by binding to pathogens and marking them for destruction by other immune cells. It also provides long-term immunity by remembering previous infections and responding more rapidly upon re-exposure.

Can IgG levels change over time?

Yes, IgG levels can fluctuate depending on various factors, including infections, vaccinations, and overall health. Monitoring IgG levels over time can provide insights into immune function and response to treatment.

Are there different subclasses of IgG?

Yes, there are four subclasses of IgG: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. Each subclass has different roles and functions in the immune response, and measuring these subclasses can provide additional information about immune health.

How does the body produce IgG?

IgG is produced by B cells in response to specific antigens. When a pathogen enters the body, B cells recognize it and differentiate into plasma cells that produce IgG antibodies to target the pathogen.

How does Tata 1mg ensure accurate lab test results?

Tata 1mg ensures accurate lab test results through certified laboratories that use advanced technology and adhere to stringent quality control measures. This commitment to high standards guarantees reliable results.

Content created by

Dr. Swati Gupta (Anand)

MBBS, MD Lab Medicine

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Last Updated

1st Nov 2025