{"id":38082,"date":"2020-01-31T10:00:45","date_gmt":"2020-01-31T04:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.1mg.com\/articles\/?p=38082"},"modified":"2020-01-30T18:29:29","modified_gmt":"2020-01-30T12:59:29","slug":"leprosy-causes-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.1mg.com\/articles\/leprosy-causes-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"Leprosy: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And Prevention"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-38084\" title=\"Leprosy: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And Prevention\" src=\"https:\/\/www.1mg.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/leprosy.jpg\" alt=\"leprosy\" width=\"630\" height=\"380\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leprosy, also known as Hansen\u2019s disease, is a disease that predominantly affects the skin and the nerves which can cause significant disfigurement and disability. It is one of the oldest diseases known to man and continues to be a public health challenge in countries like India. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 184212 cases of leprosy were reported at the end of 2018 with a prevalence rate that corresponds to 0.2 cases per 10,000 people. India is one of the high-burden countries of leprosy with a prevalence rate of 1 per 10,000 people which indicates awareness about the condition.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leprosy is surrounded by negative stigma which is the reason why many people think that this condition is a mutilating, contagious and incurable disease. In addition to numerous misconceptions, there is not much awareness about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. So on the occasion of World Leprosy Day (which is observed every year on the last Sunday of January), let\u2019s learn more about the condition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What Are The Causes of Leprosy?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leprosy is a chronic, progressive bacterial infection caused by a bacillus, Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae). It is a slow-growing bacteria that can affect the skin, peripheral nerves, mucosal surfaces of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was once feared as a highly contagious and devastating disease, but now we know it doesn\u2019t spread easily and treatment is very effective. However, if left untreated, the nerve damage can result in crippling of hands and feet, paralysis, and even blindness.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>How Does Leprosy Spread?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although the disease is not highly contagious, the bacterium can spread through <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the mucosal secretions of a person with the infection. So if a person with leprosy coughs or sneezes and a healthy person breathes in the droplets containing the bacteria, there is a high risk of getting infected. According to the Centres for disease control and prevention (CDC), only a prolonged and close contact with an individual with untreated leprosy over a long period can lead to an infection.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You do not catch leprosy from a casual contact with an infected person such as<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Shaking hands<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Hugging<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Sitting next to the person\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Eating with the person<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8211; Talking to the person<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Also, the disease is not spread from a mother to the baby during pregnancy. It doesn&#8217;t spread through sexual contact as well. So the best way to prevent it is to avoid close and long-term contact with a person suffering from the condition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.1mg.com\/labs\"><b>Book a Lab Test From The Comfort Of Your Home NOW Only @1mg!<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>What Are The Symptoms Of Leprosy?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">M. leprae <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is a slow-growing bacteria and this is the reason why it takes a long time to develop the symptoms. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the disease has an average incubation period of 5 years. Incubation period is the time taken for the symptoms to appear after getting infected with a bacteria). In some cases, it may take as long as 20 years for the symptoms to appear. The bacteria affects the skin, nerves and the mucous membrane.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The common signs and symptoms of leprosy include:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Skin sores and lesions (which appear as discolored patches of skin)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Lumps or bumps on the skin that doesn\u2019t even after few weeks<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Loss of sensation in the legs and arms<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Muscle weakness<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-Painful ulcers on the feet<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Painful swelling or lumps on the face<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Stuffy nose and or nose bleeds<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If left untreated, the symptoms may turn aggressive which include<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Paralysis<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Shortening of toes and fingers<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Blindness<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Non-healing ulcers on the feet<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Burning sensation of the skin<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Redness and pain around the affected area<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Nose disfigurement<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-weight: 400;\">-Loss of eyebrows or eyelashes<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>How is Leprosy Diagnosed?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your doctor may suspect leprosy based on the appearance of the discolored skin patches (which appear either lighter or darker than the normal skin). In some cases the skin may become red and there might be loss of sensation. To confirm the diagnosis, your doctor may recommend a lab test to detect the presence of the bacteria in the skin or the nerve under a microscope. Other lab tests may also be recommended to rule other skin diseases (if any).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The WHO has categorized the disease depending upon the type and number of affected areas on the skin. These are:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Paucibacillary leprosy<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is when there are five or fewer skin lesions and the bacteria fails to show up in the skin sample.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Multibacillary leprosy <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">is the condition in which there are more than five lesions and the bacteria can be detected in both blood and skin samples.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.1mg.com\/online-consultation?utm_source=articletrack&amp;utm_medium=consultation\">**Consult India\u2019s best doctors here**<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>How Is Leprosy Treated?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As leprosy is a bacterial disease, it is treated with a combination of antibiotics for a period of over a year or two. Also, known as multidrug therapy, 2 &#8211; 3 antibiotics are prescribed to treat the condition. This therapy also helps to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance by the bacteria, which may further increase the course of treatment. The condition can be cured if the treatment is followed and completed as recommended by the doctor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Antibiotics used to treat leprosy act by killing the bacteria and hence, can cure the disease and prevent it from getting worse. However, it does not reverse the nerve damage or any physical deformation that has occurred prior to the diagnosis of the condition. Hence, it is extremely important to diagnose the condition at the earliest to prevent permanent nerve damage.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>(The article is reviewed by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.1mg.com\/editorial-policy-processes\/dr.-swati-mishra-12\">Dr. Swati Mishra, Medical Editor<\/a>)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b>Recommended Reads:<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.1mg.com\/articles\/tingling-in-feet-6-common-causes-you-should-know-about\/\"><strong>Tingling In Feet: 6 Common Causes You Should Know About<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/1mg.com\/articles\/5-causes-of-increased-sensitivity-to-cold-or-cold-intolerance\/\"><strong>5 Causes Of Increased Sensitivity To Cold or Cold Intolerance<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-38084\" src=\"https:\/\/www.1mg.com\/articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/leprosy.jpg\" alt=\"leprosy\" title=\"Leprosy: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And Prevention\" width=\"630\" height=\"380\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[57,275,144,444,185,4513],"class_list":["post-38082","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health-a-z","tag-anti-infectives","tag-infection","tag-infectious-disorders","tag-nerve-pain","tag-skin-care","tag-skin-infections"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Leprosy: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And Prevention - Tata 1mg Capsules<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In addition to numerous misconceptions, there is not much awareness about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of leprosy. Let\u2019s learn.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.1mg.com\/articles\/leprosy-causes-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Leprosy: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment And Prevention - Tata 1mg Capsules\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In addition to numerous misconceptions, there is not much awareness about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of leprosy. 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